Tell everyone a "cold" news, the strongest cold wave since the winter of this year is coming soon! It is predicted that from November 26th to 30th, the cold wave will sweep across China, and the temperature will plummet in most areas.

　　Speaking of the cold wave, many people have memories dominated by it. As the "strongest" cold air, how "cold" is the cold wave? What is the strongest cold wave in history? The reporter interviewed Ye Dianxiu, a senior engineer under research at the National Climate Center and the chief expert of meteorological services at the China Meteorological Bureau, and asked him once and for all.

　　1. What is the standard of cold wave? Is there a difference between the north and the south of China?

　　Cold wave is a kind of cold air and a kind of disastrous weather. According to the national standard of cold air grade in China (GB/T 20484-2017) formulated in 2017, the cold air activity that makes the daily minimum temperature in a certain place lower than or equal to 8℃ within 24 hours, or lower than or equal to 10℃ within 48 hours, or lower than or equal to 12℃ within 72 hours is called cold wave.

　　2. How strong is the "ability" of cold wave cooling?

　　Monitoring shows that the average cooling rate of each cold wave in most parts of China is above 10℃. The average cold wave cooling rate in most parts of Northeast China, Jianghuai, eastern Jianghan, Jiangnan and southern China, as well as most parts of Inner Mongolia and northern Xinjiang can reach 12.℃To 14℃, more than 14℃ in most areas of Guangdong and Guangxi.

　　The maximum cooling range of cold waves in Northeast China, most of North China, most of Northwest China, most of Huanghuai, most of Jianghuai, southern Jiangnan and most of Inner Mongolia and Tibet is above 20℃. Among them, the maximum cooling rate in most parts of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, northern Xinjiang, northwestern Tibet and southwestern Qinghai can reach 25.℃To 30℃, more than 30℃ in some areas; The maximum cooling range of cold wave in Sichuan basin, most of Yunnan and Hainan is below 15℃, and that in other parts of the country is generally below 15℃℃To 20℃.

　　3. How many cold waves occur on average every year in China?

　　In China, cold waves mostly occur in late autumn, winter and early spring. In the past 30 years (1991-2020), cold waves have occurred 5.4 times a year on average in China.

　　Since 1991, the most frequent cold wave occurred in 2021, with 11 times. Followed by 2009, there were 8 times, and the least number of cold waves was in 2017, only 2 times.

　　4. Where did the cold wave affect our country come from?

　　The cold air affecting China can be roughly divided into the following four paths:

　　① Northwest route: Cold air enters China from the White Sea and Barents Sea west of Xindi Island via Siberia and Mongolia in the west.

　　② Northern route: Cold air enters northern Asia from Kara Sea or Novosibirsk Sea east of Xindi Island, and enters China from north to south via Mongolia.

　　③ Western route: Cold air affects eastern China from west to east in Eurasia south of 50 degrees north latitude via Xinjiang.

　　④ Northeast route: Cold air from the Sea of Okhotsk or eastern Siberia affects the northeast of China.

　　more thanPath,The first three paths are more common, while the last path is less frequent and less intense.

　　5. What are the cold waves with large temperature drop in history?

　　According to the monitoring results of cold air process, since 1991, the top five cold waves with comprehensive cold air intensity in China have appeared on November 4-9, 2021, March 11-14, 2006, March 18-22, 1998, February 14-17, 2020 and April 11-17, 2006.

　　Cold waves often bring a wide range of severe cooling, strong winds and snowfall. Taking the cold wave process from November 4 to 9, 2021 as an example, the land area with the temperature drop exceeding 8℃ is 7.709 million square kilometers, accounting for about 80.3% of the national land area. Among them, there are 1.011 million square kilometers whose temperature drop exceeds 16℃.

　　The daily minimum temperature of 172 national meteorological stations in Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other places reached or exceeded the historical extreme value in early November.

　　The daily precipitation of 151 national weather stations in Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shandong and other places exceeded the historical extreme in November. There is obvious snow in many places in the north, and the depth of snow in Inner Mongolia, Jilin and Liaoning is more than 40 cm.

The cold wave process cooled downAmplitude forecast chart (26-30 November) Photo courtesy of Central Meteorological Observatory

　　6. Where is the place most favored by the cold wave in China?

　　In China, the frequency of cold wave is characterized by more in the north and less in the south. The areas most favored by cold waves include: Northeast China, western and northern parts of North China, northern and central parts of Northwest China, most of Tibet, Inner Mongolia and other places, with an average annual cold wave frequency of more than 4 times. Among them, there are generally 10 to 15 times in the eastern and northern parts of Northeast China, most of Inner Mongolia and parts of northern Xinjiang, and there are more than 15 times in some areas.

　　7. In cold winter, are there more cold waves than in warm winter?

　　The answer is no.

　　There are obvious differences in judging factors and time periods between cold winter and cold wave, and the annual cumulative cold wave frequency is not necessarily related to cold and warm winter. Cold winter is a kind of climate concept based on the temperature condition of the whole winter, and the basic element of judging cold and warm winter is the average temperature of winter (December to February) for three months. The basic factors to judge the cold wave process are the daily minimum temperature (≤4℃) and the 24-hour (or 48-hour, 72-hour) cooling range (≥8℃, 10℃ or 12℃).

　　Therefore, the number of cold waves in cold winter is not necessarily more than that in warm winter. For example, both 1998 and 2019 were strong warm winters, and the number of cold waves was 6, which was more than that of strong cold winters in 1983 (3 times), 1984 (2 times) and 1985 (2 times).

　　(Author: Zhang Juan Cartography: Fu Lei Editor: Yan Hong)

　　

　　"In the land of runes, magic is everything." This is a competitive online game operated by tencent games — — The first sentence in the background setting of League of Legends.

　　League of Legends is an e-sports game that is popular all over the world. In the game, players need to fight side by side in the Summoner’s Canyon, and finally win by turning map resources into team advantages. In reality, there is a road to the rise of a city, which coincides with the way to win this game.

　　From the "land of runes" to the southernmost city in Sichuan, China, people deeply feel that "canyons" and "rifts" actually hide "opportunities" — — Panzhihua is the only city named after flowers in China, which was born in the national third-line construction. This city opened the door of "building a complete industrial system by self-reliance" in China in the Panxi Rift Valley. Therefore, people also call Panzhihua a "hero city".

　　Two "heroes", one galloping in the online world, the other rushing in the years. This winter, the 18th League of Legends Urban Heroes Competition will be held in Panzhihua. At that time, two "heroes" will form an alliance and hand in hand present a "feast" about "heroes".

　　□ Gong Linpu Xiong Weixin, reporter of the Municipal Media Center

　　Urban landscape and game map

　　— — Clever "fit"

　　Panzhihua is located in the transition zone between Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with extremely diverse landforms.

　　"chinese national geography" once described Panzhihua as follows: a series of mountains running nearly north-south — — The Hengduan Mountains in the west, the Daliangshan Mountains in the east, and the Big Snow Mountain in the north, together with the large and small mountains in between, are mountainous and shoulder to shoulder. According to rough statistics, Panzhihua’s mountains account for more than 90% of the city’s total area, and it is a veritable "mountain kingdom."

　　There are towering mountains and "heroic" water. As the main stream of the Yangtze River, the deep mountains along the Jinsha River have turned into a zigzag bend, and many rivers such as Anning River, Dahe River and Sanyuan River shuttle between mountains like capillaries, shaping numerous canyons and valleys along the way.

　　League of Legends seems to have found the realistic projection of "Summoner Canyon" in Panzhihua.

　　Summoner’s Canyon is a map in League of Legends. In the background story of the game, it is said that the most majestic battlefield of the latest wave is "Summoner Canyon". There are three different roads running through the whole battlefield, and there are magical forces everywhere.

　　Panzhihua city is distributed in a strip shape along the Jinsha River, with a length of 20 kilometers from east to west, a width of 1-2 kilometers from north to south, and even less than 500 meters at the narrowest point. Panzhihua Avenue, Jinshajiang Avenue and Gangcheng Avenue run through the urban area. In the three-dimensional space, the city is constantly spreading from the river bank to the heights of the mountains, overlapping layers and bringing its own "canyon scenery".

　　Interestingly, the Jinsha River runs through the city, dividing the main city of Panzhihua into two areas: Jiangnan and Jiangbei, which just correspond to the red and blue camps in the League of Legends map.

　　Let’s imagine such a scene: when the player puts down the mouse, logs off from cyberspace and walks out of the arena of the urban hero competition, he suddenly finds that his city is actually a more grand "summoner’s canyon". Is this link between online games and reality full of "magic power"?

　　Summoners all over the country and even the world, welcome you to punch in the "Summoner Canyon" in the real world.

　　Urban Spirit and the Connotation of E-sports

　　— — Common "background color"

　　League of Legends is not only a game but also a sport.

　　At the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou, e-sports made its debut as a formal competition for the first time. E-sports has long been not only an entertainment activity for a group of young people to sweat in the virtual world, but also a fusion of enthusiasm and competition.

　　An ordinary person can be a fruit vendor, a takeaway rider, a taxi driver, a breakfast shop owner and a construction worker … … But when he entered the world of League of Legends and teamed up with other players to fight in the land of runes, he was the "hero" who appeared. Every player with the title of "hero" on his head needs to overcome difficulties and climb towards victory through continuous efforts and struggles.

　　In this sense, "hero" is not a title, but a mission. Players are like this, and so are cities.

　　As a new industrial city in the southwest of New China, the construction and development of Panzhihua has always been closely linked with the national mission.

　　Zhong Shaoxi, a native writer in Panzhihua, wrote in the article "Mao Zedong and Panzhihua Development and Construction" that the idea of building a steel plant in Panzhihua began in early 1958. At that time, there was no large-scale steel base in the western part of China, which was very unfavorable to the development of heavy industry in the western part, and the development of rich mineral resources in Panzhihua was urgently needed for the development of steel industry in China.

　　On March 4, 1965, after receiving the written report on the preparation and work plan of Panzhihua Special Zone submitted by Lv Dong and Chi Xu, President Mao Zedong immediately instructed that "this piece is very good". Panzhihua was thus listed as the focus of "third-line construction". Later, Premier Zhou Enlai personally took the lead in arranging the specific work of Panzhihua development and construction. Builders from all over the country poured into the deep mountain valley at the junction of Sichuan and Yunnan, and a legend of China’s urban development began.

　　Since then, through the arduous efforts of several generations, the heroic Panzhihua builder has built a new industrial city full of vitality, uniqueness and great potential in the desolate Panxi Rift Valley.

　　On December 22nd, 2022, "Opinions of Sichuan Provincial People’s Government of Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China on Supporting Panzhihua’s High-quality Development and Building a Common Prosperity Experimental Zone" was issued, which marked that Panzhihua has entered a new stage of development.

　　Panzhihua once again shoulders the national mission. This time, he will explore the path, create experience and provide samples for Sichuan to achieve common prosperity with practical actions of high-quality development.

　　Climbing is the common background of "heroes".

　　Urban development and industrial layout

　　— — Win-win "track"

　　Half of the netizens in the world are e-sports gamers.

　　In 2022, the global e-sports population will grow to 2.47 billion, accounting for 48.3% of the global netizens.

　　The world’s largest and fastest-growing e-sports market is China.

　　In 2022, China’s e-sports industry revenue was 144.503 billion yuan, and the e-sports population was about 488 million, ranking first in the world.

　　Gamers in China have become the ultimate winners in more and more international e-sports competitions.

　　Want to win, not only clubs and enthusiasts, but also cities aiming at the "new track".

　　The person in charge of Tencent’s e-sports said that the semi-finals and finals of the 18th League of Legends Urban Heroes Competition were held in Panzhihua, which was the first time that Tencent had entrusted its major e-sports events to prefecture-level cities. Judging from past experience, the successful landing of the competition is expected to bring new traffic to the city and release new kinetic energy for the development of the cultural tourism industry.

　　People flow, logistics and consumption … … This is the event bonus. When Panzhihua decided to incorporate e-sports into the urban industrial map, the expected return was obviously more.

　　Smart parking makes urban management more refined, data flow makes mines smarter, and e-government cloud makes people run less errands … … In recent years, with data as the core element, Panzhihua has promoted the deep integration of next-generation information technologies such as the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence with the real economy, and new products and applications of the digital economy have blossomed everywhere.

　　E-sports competition is a new outlet of digital economy, and Panzhihua naturally doesn’t want to miss it.

　　In 1965, Panzhihua became the first special zone for resource development in New China. Before 1987, it was called Dukou City. Since 1965, she is 15 years older than Shenzhen; Since 1987, she is seven years younger than Shenzhen.

　　Similarly, youth is also the "key word" of e-sports.

　　In a young city, hold a young competition. This not only promotes the brand image of Panzhihua city, but also attracts the active participation and extensive attention of young people from all over the country, injecting new vitality into the city. An e-sports "new IP" will become Panzhihua’s "youth business card"; A new format of "e-sports+"may become the engine for Panzhihua to sail to the "New Blue Ocean".

　　"Grief Point" of Panzhihua player of the steel fierce sun server in the telecom zone of League of Legends sends an invitation to Panzhihua to friends of the team almost every winter. He said, "There is no winter here, and my hands and feet will not be frozen. The sunshine of Panzhihua brings my own ‘ Open a group ’ Effect. "

　　Thank you "Sorrow Point" for introducing the city full of "magic breath".

　　Once again, I sincerely invite summoners to come to the hero city of Panzhihua this winter to witness the birth of "heroes".

The new model has been launched, and it is the only medium and large SUV among the six major families.

The price of the new car is 239,900 – 302,900, and the limited-time discount price is 216,900 – 279,900.

In fact, the new LS6 this time is an annual facelift. The design is slightly modified, and the product strength keeps up with the pace of the L6; the "Consonance Chassis", this time the whole system comes standard, which can realize the "in-situ U-turn" of dual motors. This should be the first example in the whole industry, right? In addition, the standard 8295P chip, NVIDIA DRIVE Orin 254TOPS chip and ultra-long-range lidar.

What do you think of this price, compared to 7x,,?

　　Honda’s new car planning information for 2024 has been released. It will launch the new Civic (2025 model), CR-V new power model, Prologue medium and large SUV, and updated Acura MDX, RDX and other models within this year. Among them, Honda’s new Civic models are also expected to be launched in the domestic market simultaneously within this year.

　　Honda’s new Civic has made minor improvements to the appearance. The front face is equipped with a split blackened air intake grille, matrix LED headlights are provided on both sides, and the shape of both sides of the lower bumper has been upgraded and optimized. The new car will launch a hybrid version in the North American market for consumers to buy, and it is equipped with a 2.0L naturally aspirated engine + two electric motors.

　　The new Prologue mid-to-large pure electric SUV has also been confirmed to be on sale in the first quarter of 2024. The new car will be built on the GM Ultium platform. It is expected to launch only dual-motor drive models in the early stage, and plans to launch entry-level single-motor models for consumers to buy in the later stage, with a maximum range of 500km. The length, width and height of the new car are 4877 × 1989 × 1643mm respectively, and the wheelbase is 3094mm.　

　　Honda also plans to be the first to introduce a new zero-emission model in North America, which will be powered by CR-V FCEV hydrogen. According to Honda officials, the CR-V hydrogen model will also be the first production model launched in the North American market, combining plug-in functionality with fuel cell technology. (Source: Honda Motors)

　　On October 31, 2019, Shougang ski jumping platform was completed as the first new competition venue in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.

　　The track structure of Shougang Ski Jumping Platform is 164 meters long, the track width varies from 10 meters to 30 meters from top to bottom, the highest point of modeling is 60 meters, and the height of athletes’ starting area is 48 meters. The track is mainly divided into four parts: the sliding aid area, the take-off platform, the landing slope and the terminal area. The main structure of the platform is steel frame, with about 4,100 tons of steel, all of which are made by Shougang. Among them, the fire-resistant and weather-resistant steel independently developed by Shougang and complete sets of technology are applied to the referee tower structure for the first time, and the steel plates, supporting welding materials and bolts used have strong fire resistance, weather resistance and corrosion resistance.

　　On October 12, 2021, officials of the International Snow Federation made the last site inspection on Shougang ski platform before the Winter Olympics, and inspected the venue safety protection system, snowmaking system, competition organization function room, general sports equipment, etc., and evaluated the venue streamline design, regional division, technical support, mountain operation and secondary molding preparation. After the inspection, officials of the International Snow Federation spoke highly of the construction and preparation of the venue.

　　Song Jiaye, deputy director of the Urban Venue Construction Department of the Beijing Major Project Construction Headquarters Office, said that Shougang Ski Platform is the first newly-built venue completed in the Beijing Division of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, and it is also the only snow competition venue. It will host the ski platform competition of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, and four gold medals will be produced here during the Beijing Winter Olympics. After the Winter Olympics, it will become the world’s first permanently reserved and used ski platform venue, a professional sports competition and training venue, and open to the public for mass leisure and fitness activities.

　　The image of the world’s first permanently preserved ski jumping platform "Flying" was officially unveiled.

　　Shougang ski jumping platform consists of three parts: the track, the referee tower and the stand area. The 164-meter-long track is 34 meters wide at its widest point and 60 meters high at its highest point. The form of the competition is as follows: the players rapidly descend from a height, take off from a big platform, and perform high-altitude somersaults, gyrations and other technical actions.

　　The design of the ski jumping platform of Shougang incorporated the element of "flying" in Dunhuang murals, a very famous world cultural heritage in China. The meaning of "flying" and the English word "Big Air" in the ski jumping platform project both have the meaning of leaping and flying into the air, and the curve of flying ribbon is very consistent with the curve of Shougang ski jumping platform, and the shape of the building is very beautiful and smooth. Therefore, Shougang ski jumping platform is named after "Snow Flying". The design of the gradient color of the big platform is inspired by the emblem of the Winter Olympics, and there are 24 colors from blue to yellow.

　　Shougang ski jumping platform started in December 2018 and was completed on October 31, 2019. The construction period is less than one year, and the renovation time is very urgent. In just over 300 days, the builders turned it from a drawing into a physical object, from a design concept into a reality, which not only met the needs of the competition, but also took into account many factors such as space, function, structure and safety, and built an unprecedented ski jumping platform that was permanently reserved and used.

　　Perfect Transformation of Industrial Heritage The concept of "sustainability" runs through the Olympic Games.

　　Shougang ski jumping platform is located in the north area of Shougang old industrial park. The original Shougang power generation main building, cooling tower and original Shougang oxygen plant are distributed in turn from north to south. Adhering to the concept of "sustainable development" of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, choosing the address of ski jumping platform in Shougang Park is to make full use of the old factory buildings and industrial structures in Shougang around the big jumping platform for repair and transformation, so as to meet the functions of competition, broadcast and audience service in the Winter Olympics.

　　It is understood that the original cooling pump station in Shougang’s old factory area will be transformed into a ticket inspection and security hall and an event management office area during the Winter Olympics, and will be transformed into a multi-functional comprehensive building after the games to provide supporting services for the future Shougang Ski Jumping Platform Sports Park; The old main oxygen plant was transformed into a comprehensive service building during the Winter Olympics.

　　The relevant person in charge of Beijing Shougang Construction Investment Co., Ltd. introduced that Shougang ski jumping platform fully considered the industrial heritage value of the old factory building, reformed and reused the original industrial factory building of Shougang, and carefully designed and built it into a supporting service facility for the Beijing Winter Olympics, realizing the effective transformation and perfect combination of industrial heritage and the Winter Olympics venue.

　　Shougang Ski Jumping Platform is backed by an attached building transformed from an industrial cooling tower, with Shijingshan and Yongding River as the natural background, which will become a representative landscape of the perfect integration of Beijing’s old industrial site culture and Olympic culture. At the same time, it will also promote the landscape integration of the surrounding areas, which will become a wonderful landscape center in the western part of the city both during and after the games. This practice has been unanimously affirmed by the International Olympic Committee and the International Snow Federation, and it is also a vivid practice of the sustainable concept of the Beijing Winter Olympics.

　　Innovating and breaking through variable profile technology to help all-season utilization

　　Shougang and Tsinghua Architectural Research Institute jointly carried out the national key R&D plan "Technology Research on Track Conversion, Sharing and Facilities Utilization in All Seasons", and conducted in-depth research on the sustainable utilization of the big platform track after the game. The track variable profile is in the inclined platform area of Shougang platform — — An area with a length of about 36 meters, a width of about 14 meters and a maximum height difference of about 3.5 meters is built with about 1,100 modules, so that the curved surface of the track is changed, and the rapid switching between the snowboarding platform and the freestyle skiing aerial skill track is realized. According to the conversion requirements, it can be built repeatedly, saving costs and practicing the concept of sustainable use of venues.

　　Shougang ski platform is the world’s first permanently reserved platform competition venue and the only snow venue in Beijing. In order to expand the influence of the big platform project, the International Olympic Committee confirmed in July 2018 that the freestyle ski platform competition was added to the Shougang ski platform. Therefore, during the Beijing Winter Olympics, there will be two competitions, snowboarding and freestyle big air, in Shougang ski platform, which will produce four gold medals, two for men and two for women. Beijing Winter Olympics is the second Olympic Games to host this event and the first permanent track for this event.

　　After the game, we will serve the mass movement and dedicate a "sports theme park" to the Winter Olympics.

　　The relevant person in charge of Beijing Shougang Construction Investment Co., Ltd. told the reporter that the ski jumping platform is the most popular sport among young urban groups in the Winter Olympics and the World Skiing Championships. The venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics was selected in the central city of Beijing and settled in Shougang Park, hoping to perfectly combine this unique event with our urban culture and further promote urban renewal and development through the Olympics. However, the utilization of the ski platform in Shougang was fully considered at the beginning of design and construction. After the Winter Olympics, the ski platform can realize rapid transformation.

　　It is understood that the Shougang ski jumping platform started construction at the end of December 2018, and was officially delivered in November 2019. In December of the same year, the International Class A World Cup was held, which perfectly completed the first show after the completion of the venue and won unanimous praise from the International Snow Federation and athletes from all over the world. In 2020, Shougang Ski Jumping Platform held the "2021 Winter Olympics Global New Year’s Ice and Snow Festival" and BTV New Year Countdown. After the Winter Olympics, the venue can host sports competitions of big platform events at home and abroad, and become a training venue for professional athletes and sports teams, a training base for young reserve talents, and a training base for event managers, which will directly serve the promotion of ice and snow sports in China.

　　At the same time, the water outlet was reserved during the construction of the track, and the big platform can not only ski, but also be transformed into more projects such as water skiing and grass skiing according to demand in the future. In the sports square and audience area under the ski jumping platform, the builder has specially set up an "atmosphere lighting" system, which will bring the audience a completely different experience from traditional events in the future, and at the same time, it can also hold large-scale activities such as concerts … … A development model of urban renewal driven by Olympic heritage is being popularized.

　　(CCTV reporter Xu Mengzhe Zheng Xinyu Ren Shengyuan)