Some time ago, some netizens suddenly discovered.

The word "Koudang" can’t be found in the dictionary.

But it really existed in my memory.

Although special spelling can be used

Type it out in sogou input method.

But it can only be displayed in local documents.

As long as it is posted on the Internet, it will miraculously disappear.

The "mouth" sent out will become a box.

This strange phenomenon puzzled everyone.

Have opened their brains to find an explanation.

Some netizens touched porcelain "Mandela effect"

It is believed that quantum mechanics and parallel space-time are the ghosts.

Give it a bit of a brain hole.

It could also be a time-clamp operation.

The fact that the positive team knows that it can’t type the word.

The reverse team crossed over and destroyed the word.

Let’s reveal the secret to everyone today.

How on earth did these Chinese characters disappear?

one

The Mystery of the Disappeared Word "Koudang"

Go back to the "mouth" at the beginning.

Not to mention quantum mechanics, it must be stated that

This word has definitely existed in the past

It not only appeared in the childhood memory "Robot Cat" after 8090.

It also appears in the official dictionary.

In August 1935, the Ministry of Education of the National Government

Published in the "First List of Simplified Chinese Characters" is clearly recorded.

This "mouth when" is a simplified Chinese character for "when"

The First List of Simplified Chinese Characters

So everyone can rest assured that their brains are fine.

All of the above are evidence that this word existed.

But this good word, how can you say it’s gone without it?

This is because in the later Chinese character simplification scheme.

Simplify "Dang" and "Dang" into "Dang"

February 1956 "Simplified Scheme of Chinese Characters"

"Koudang" was forced to retire from the rivers and lakes since then.

But the official ban belongs to the official ban

Folk also retained the original habit of using Chinese characters.

So after 1956,

You can still see that Koudang is in business.

It even makes people think

Ding+mouth is the right solution.

Ding+dang always feels something is missing.

The dictionary and input method proofread the font according to the standard.

Chinese characters with standardized income

Naturally, I can’t find this "mouth"

2

The two simplified characters that my parents have learned.

Chinese characters that have been deactivated like "Koudang"

There are also two simplified characters that were all the rage.

Simplified word meaning simplified again.

That is, when my parents were young

Mainstream writing of school professors

Because the illiteracy rate was quite high at that time

Traditional Chinese characters are considered as "the burden of learning"

Scholars from all over the world have proposed simplification of Chinese characters.

So in 1956, the State Council published the Simplified Scheme of Chinese Characters.

Began the prelude to this action.

In 1964, the Chinese Character Reform Commission published the Summary of Simplified Chinese Characters.

It contains more than 2,000 simplified Chinese characters.

All carefully combed by scholars.

Combined with the simplified glyphs of ancient customs.

Simplified characters that we are familiar with now.

Most of them are also from this edition.

In 1956, the State Council published the Simplified Scheme of Chinese Characters.

Seeing the simplified Chinese characters successfully tested the water, the response was good.

In 1972, the text reform Committee

Decided to launch an upgraded version of 2.0 while the iron is hot.

It was published in 1977.

The Second Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (Draft)

Introduced the "two simplified characters"

Try to solve the problem of "learning Chinese characters is difficult" within 10 paintings.

This time, it was a little too hard, and the more it changed, the more chaotic it became.

Some characters and strokes have been reduced by nearly half.

Some words simply have radicals left.

These Chinese characters with missing arms and legs

I want to understand it all by half imagination, and I feel that it makes no difference whether I learn or not.

Two simplified editions of the Canadian photographic art exhibition.

Experts also believe that simplified Chinese characters are not only unsightly.

Even the cultural essence of Chinese characters has been lost

Simplify too many simplified Chinese characters

It is easy to lead to unclear expression of new words.

Or is it very different from the original font?

Resulting in illegibility and other problems.

Prevention of intestinal infectious diseases

So in 1986,

The State Council announced the abolition of simplified Chinese characters.

Most of the simplified Chinese characters

In this way, I came to the world in a daze

Now occasionally appear on street corners.

Will also be laughed at by the children who come and go as typos.

And those surnames that have been changed to the simplified version

Xiang Fu (Fu), Yan (Yan) and Xiao (Xiao)

Because it involves a wide range and has great influence

Later, together with the original word.

Continue to mix it up like this, just like "mouth"

three

Make all words difficult to write.

Not only are Chinese characters oversimplified

There are also complicated Chinese characters.

In the history of China, the emperor wanted to show his authority

Everyone likes to play tricks on words.

Except for the whole posthumous title title, which is longer than the western names.

Others directly redefine Chinese characters.

Like Empress Wu Zetian

Maybe I think Cang Xie made the words.

I can’t describe myself

Just make a word for yourself.

Take the meaning of "the sun and the moon shine on the earth in the sky"

Maybe creating this thing is addictive.

Thinking about the words that condense their talents.

Be used and copied by everyone in the world

Let everyone feel the wisdom of the queen.

Understand the profound thoughts contained in the words.

In order to get rid of the old cloth and establish new authority.

Then, the word "Zetian" was born.

Composed of "Qian Qian absolutely"

It means that the Wu and Zhou dynasties are "blessed for thousands of years" and "long live the Millennium"

The glyph consists of three characters: Tian, Da and Ji.

It is a godsend to refer to Wu Zetian as a monarch.

The glyph consists of four parts: "Forever, Master, Man and King".

The original meaning of "certificate" is to inform.

This shows that his throne is given by God and will never waver.

Wu Zetian continued to create more than a dozen characters.

And ordered it to be popularized nationwide.

At the beginning of the promotion, the limelight was strong.

Also rely on Buddhist classics

Not only in the Central Plains.

It also spread widely in other areas controlled by the Tang Dynasty.

Like Nanzhao State in the southwest of Tang Dynasty

And Japan, North Korea, South Korea, etc.

Confucian cultural circle countries in Confucian cultural circle

Have used Zetian characters.

Rubbings on the Inscription of Prince Sheng Xian

But even the queen herself endorsed it.

Then the words of heaven can’t escape

The fate of soy sauce in the long river of history

With the death of Wu Zetian

This set of words has gradually been abandoned.

Nowadays, only one "Qi" has a name in the input method.

Investigate the reasons for its discontinuation.

Apart from political factors

Mainly related to the development trend of Chinese characters.

Generally speaking, the evolution of Chinese characters is from complexity to simplification.

However, the heavenly characters complicate simple Chinese characters.

After all, people can’t remember.

The more you write, the more annoyed you get. Who will like them?

This article is reproduced from the WeChat WeChat official account "Word Media" (ID: zimeiti-sogou). The original text was first published on September 21, 2020. The original title is "These Chinese characters have been used by parents for decades, but actually they didn’t exist? ! ",does not represent the view of looking at the think tank.

Original title: "These Chinese characters have been used by parents for decades, but they don’t exist? ! 》

Read the original text

Weekend morning

Xiaoshuai decisively pressed the alarm at 6 o’clock.

Have no attachment to the bed

After a whole big move

He got up neatly.

Please listen to the question

What is he going to do?

Go to the company to work overtime?

That is absolutely not so willing.

Go for a morning run for breakfast?

For xiaoshuai,

This may be more difficult than working overtime.

What can be better than a lie-in?

Can it comfort him who has been tired for a week?

Is there a possibility?

He did a raiders last night. I heard he had to burn incense early.

Young people:

"Hold you in your hand and burn incense devoutly."

now

The term "young people" seems to be bound up with "temple tourism"

Weibo Topics with Key Words of "Young People" and "Temple"

There is online ticketing platform data display.

Since this year

Order quantity of tickets for temple-related scenic spots

Year-on-year growth of 310%

Since February

Among the people who booked tickets

After "90" and "00", the proportion is close to 50%

Relevant monitoring data also show that

2019

"Temple" on social platform

Still in a state of anonymity

Four years have passed

Today’s search volume has increased by 368 times.

relative

Order quantity of theme park tickets

It is down by 75%

Some netizens jokingly said

"What universal studios Disney?

Daxiong Hall is our happy treasure house. "

A netizen recalled

On the day of queuing in front of the Lama Temple

I chose an ordinary weekend that is not a holiday.

As a result, look around.

huge crowds of people

And most of them are young people in their twenties

Netizen @ Willingness

Some netizens posted a sigh.

"Young people in the Lama Temple.

More than in the company. "

Disney may still be the happiest place in the world.

But it can’t completely comfort this young people.

Just like the Internet hotshot said.

"Between work and school.

You chose to burn incense

Between asking for help and asking for yourself.

You chose to pray for Buddha. "

Young people:

"Choose between buying a bag and getting drunk to buy lottery tickets"

In addition to "temple tour"

Buying lottery tickets is also a young man.

An "entertainment project" that enjoys it.

How crazy is it?

Birthday, buy lottery tickets

Pay wages and buy lottery tickets

Change jobs and buy lottery tickets.

I even stepped on shit when I went out

Buy lottery tickets, too

Lottery tickets have not only become

"Fantasy Tickets" for Young People to Get Rich

It has also become a way to bring ordinary life.

"buff" of "Good Luck Metaphysics"

On social media

Young people share lottery tickets with a wide audience.

Unlimited layer

There is a fantasy of "how to receive money safely after winning the prize"

There is also the curiosity of "Can 200 yuan scratch music return to its original?"

The young fisherman said

Every time I feel anxious at work,

She would buy a lottery ticket.

"Because it is more than nine o’clock in the evening.

Will contribute to today’s boring life

Inject a fresh breath. "

"In one thousand.

Can solve all my difficulties

In case you miss.

Buy only ten dollars at a time.

Don’t lose

at least

I will look forward to that day a little more. "

Young people who "burn incense" and "buy lottery tickets"

What are you pursuing?

According to the data of the 2022 National Health Insight Report,

In today’s fast-paced and high-pressure living environment

91% people said they had psychological problems.

Uncertainty about reality

Confusion about the future

Leading young people to become "45-degree youth"

What they need is not long-term rest.

It’s a short breath

Shangxiang is also good.

Buy lottery tickets.

It only takes a short time.

You can get a moment of relaxation.

Even if you are anxious and confused.

But still believe that the future will be better.

As the netizen said:

"Young people are keen on burning incense in temples and buying lottery tickets.

One is the sense of atmosphere.

I feel that so many people are expecting good luck.

I am not alone.

Second, while trying our best to live.

Plant a seed of hope

Although I don’t know what the future holds

But they are all stubborn about life efforts. "

Young people don’t recite the pot of "no progress"

For many young people,

After work, go to the temple for a walk and burn incense.

Mostly for fun.

Pray and make a wish

It’s like climbing a mountain or visiting a park.

It’s a stress release.

Leisure activities to relax.

Especially once spread through social platforms.

It seems to be a new fashion.

In fact, many people just think it is fun and interesting.

It’s "playing with stalks"

It doesn’t have to be because it happens to young people

Over-interpretation

Worried that young people are "only fragrant and not motivated"

It is not necessary.

You can even say that you "underestimate" young people.

Like a lot of coercion

A label attached to young people.

In addition to gaining eyeballs and attracting traffic,

What positive role can it play for young people?

Source: Yang Guangwang Comprehensive

　　◎ Our reporter Wang Chun

　　On May 16th, the BSIM card (blockchain SIM card) jointly developed by Shanghai Shutu District Blockchain Research Institute and China Telecom Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as China Telecom) Research Institute was released in Shanghai. Compared with the traditional SIM card, BSIM card has the characteristics of portability, high security and high performance, which will promote the innovative application and industrial ecological development of the next generation Internet (Web3.0).

　　"The storage space of BSIM card is 10 to 20 times larger than that of SIM card, and the computing power is improved by dozens of times, so that the public and private keys of users can be generated and stored in the card." Long Fan, dean of Shanghai Shutu District Blockchain Research Institute, said that BSIM card deeply integrates the blockchain user experience with SIM card, and uses the hardware security advantages of SIM card to protect the user’s private key. It is a safe and convenient Web3.0 user terminal entrance solution, which can make ordinary users participate in the Web3.0 world more safely and conveniently and enjoy the convenience brought by blockchain.

　　Under the support of blockchain, Web3.0 can guarantee the creator’s ownership and income rights of works through digital contracts, and reshape the digital production relationship that is more compatible with the productivity of digital content. However, compared with the existing second-generation Internet account system, Web3.0 also faces the problems of high user cognitive cost, high learning threshold and low conversion rate, which affects ecological development.

　　It is understood that a core innovation of Web3.0 is the "private key account system". Based on private key and signature, it provides a means for users to prove their identity and send instructions independently without relying on centralized platform. In this way, users can manage their digital assets independently of any platform and protect their digital rights and interests. In the world of Web3.0, users should carefully manage their private keys to prevent them from being stolen or lost, otherwise they will face the risk of identity being fraudulently used and digital assets being lost. Therefore, the next generation Internet needs a more popular private key management tool.

　　To meet this demand, BSIM card can reduce the risk of malicious software attacks by adopting hardware security protection technology, and can also realize the binding of digital identity and real identity through mobile phone number real-name registration system. In addition to the basic private key management and digital signature, BSIM card can also realize encrypted storage, key retrieval and other operations, and even integrate the traditional U shield function into the card.

　　Li Anmin, vice president of China Telecom Research Institute, said that in the next step, China Telecom will jointly promote the digital asset card BSIM in Hunan and other places, and apply it to the scenes of digital assets in the universe, digital identity authentication and Internet of Things equipment collection.

　　Focusing on the deployment of innovation chain in the industrial chain, Yip Wong, deputy director of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, said that Shanghai will promote the integration and development of the underlying technology of blockchain, privacy computing and digital identity technology, build a technical support system for innovative applications of Web3.0, and form a new generation of blockchain innovation ecology with global influence.

[Original of Truck House] When we truck drivers buy oil, we can see numbers like 15w-40 or 20w-50 on the outer packaging of the oil, and words like API CH-4API CI-4 can also be seen below. These are the labels of the oil, so what do these labels mean?

● 　SAE 15w-40 What does all this mean?

SAE in the front is the abbreviation of American Society of Automotive Engineers, and the viscosity index of engine oil is formulated by them and is universally used. 15w-40 in the back represents the viscosity index of this engine oil. At the same time, this label also shows that this engine oil is a multi-grade engine oil, and the current civil engine oil has no previous single-grade engine oil, that is to say, it can be used all year round, so let’s take 15w-40 as an example to illustrate the meaning now.

"W" means winter. The smaller the number 15 in front of it, the better the low-temperature fluidity of the oil. 15W means that the oil can be used in the environment above minus 20℃. The number 40 at the back represents that the kinematic viscosity of this oil ranges from 12.5 mm/s to 16.3 mm/s at 100℃, and other viscosity indexes also have corresponding standards, which is by no means what some people say can be used at 40℃.

● 　What does API CH-4 mean?

API is the abbreviation of american petroleum institute, followed by CH-4, C, and H after diesel oil. S stands for gasoline engine oil, and n stands for the grade of the gasoline engine oil. If it is marked as SN/CF, it is a general-purpose gasoline and diesel engine oil.

According to different letters, the grades of engine oil can be arranged, and the lower the letter, the better the performance of engine oil. And the engine oil with the lower letter has more examples of meeting the emission standards. Now, because of the post-treatment, the vehicles discharged in the fifth national standard generally use engine oil above CI level.

● What does ACEA certification mean?

ACEA is the abbreviation of European Automobile Manufacturers Association, which is the inspection and certification standard for automobile lubricating oil in European automobile manufacturing industry. From the technical requirements, it is higher than the American API standard mentioned above. Many of our big-name engine oil packages will see the relevant certification of ACEA, so you can carefully observe and compare them.

ACEA’s certification of heavy diesel engine lubricating oil is divided into four grades, namely, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6, E7 and E9. Similarly, the higher the number, the higher the grade of engine oil. Generally, big-name engine oil will certify these corresponding grade standards at the same time. You can carefully observe the marks on the barrels.

● 　So how do we choose?

Generally speaking, when choosing engine oil, you should first refer to the requirements in the vehicle manual. For example, this car requires the use of 15W-40 CH-4 engine oil. In practice, we can not only choose the engine oil with this grade and viscosity according to the instructions, but also raise the engine oil level by one grade, that is, we can use CI-4 engine oil with 15W-40 viscosity, which will better protect the engine and promote the emission standards.

If your local temperature is below-25℃ in winter, we can choose engine oil with viscosity of 10w-40, which will make the cold start smoother and ensure that the engine oil can be pumped to the friction surface during cold start. Just remember one thing, the last 40 remains the same, and the small number in front has no effect.

If it is an old engine, you can choose an oil with a slightly higher viscosity, such as 20w-50. For an old engine, the oil with a slightly higher viscosity can better protect and maintain the normal operation of the engine. (Text/Jiang Yitu/Jin Zhu Jiang Dai)

All the engine oils in Truck House Mall are genuine. Please poke the above picture for details.

　　　　　　　 Faye Wong, who performed in Wenchuan 512 earthquake relief and performed on the stage in the Spring Festival Evening, came out of the mountain again and stepped onto the stage again. Although she sang with many singers and stood at the forefront of the team, Faye Wong dressed in gray was still very tall and eye-catching. In addition, Zhang Ziyi, Na Ying, Zhao Benshan, Guo Jingjing, Liu Xiang, Liu Qian, Pu Cunxin, Chen Hao, NI YAN, Chen Daoming, Yu Junjian and Ni Ping also attended the event.

　　Party member, a cadre of Baohe District, Hefei, and officers and men of the army braved the rain to reinforce the dam. Photo by Liu Fengyun (People’s Vision)

　　In the early morning of July 28th, Zheng Jichun set out with a small boat. His destination is the collection point of living materials in the town. Since 82 affected people in the village came to the resettlement site, as the principal of Gaolin Primary School in Sanbing Town, Chaohu City, Anhui Province, Zheng Jichun, an old party member, volunteered to take charge of everyone’s daily life. "The public sentiment is urgent. I have not been able to fight floods in the front line like other party member, but I hope to do my best to help the affected people eat and drink at the temporary resettlement sites." Zheng Jichun said.

　　Since the flood season, there has been continuous heavy rainfall in Hefei, and all the main rivers in Chaohu Lake basin have exceeded the police. At the same time, they are under great pressure from the flood control of the Yangtze River and Chaohu Lake and the urban flood control. In the face of severe flood, Party organizations at all levels in the city and many party member bravely took the lead and rushed to the key positions of flood control, building dams for flood control and flood fighting, guarding their homes and the safety of people’s lives and property.

　　Keep safe and branch to the front line.

　　21 temporary party branches are on duty 24 hours a day, guarding major rivers, Chaohu dams and key areas.

　　The water level in Chaohu Lake has exceeded the once-in-a-century standard for many days.

　　There are three rivers entering the lake and 10.8km Chaohu levee outside. Yicheng Street in Baohe District of Hefei City is in the front line of flood control. In order to carry out flood control and emergency rescue work in a timely and effective manner, the Party Working Committee of Yicheng Street set up a temporary party branch immediately after receiving the flood warning, and moved 17 party branches of government agencies, residential villages and urban management to the levee.

　　The temporary party branches are in charge of each section, with the branch secretary taking the lead and party member participating in it. The surrounding people saw it and took the initiative to join it. In a short time, more than 300 volunteers gathered, including more than 200 party member.

　　"The water level is rising!" When patrolling the embankment, Yang Guoqing observed that the water level in Lirong section of the road around the lake was rising, and the embankment nearly 10 meters long in front was low in terrain, which was in danger of overflowing at any time. As the leader of a flood control emergency group, Yang Guoqing made a decisive decision and quickly organized to reinforce the dam. Shovel silt, tie bags, pass sandbags and build dams. Yang Guoqing and more than 10 party member fought together for nearly 2 hours, raising the dam by 1.2 meters.

　　On the flood control dam, besides party member volunteers, there are fishermen "soil experts". Shu Congming, 68, is a native of Chaohu Lake and an old party member. He took the lead in setting up an "old fisherman’s dam guard team". The team members not only patrol the dam during the flood season, but also clean up the weeds and garbage along the lake and river on weekdays. Now, under the leadership of Shu Congming, this "old fisherman’s dam guard team" is divided into two roads, patrolling the embankment once an hour and being on duty 24 hours a day.

　　"In front of the flood, a grassroots party organization is a fighting fortress." Ge Rui, secretary of the Baohe District Party Committee of Hefei City, said that building a temporary party organization in the front line of flood control and disaster relief can transform the party’s political advantages, organizational advantages and close ties with the masses into a powerful synergy for flood control and disaster relief. Today, Baohe District has set up 32 flood control emergency duty points and 21 temporary party branches in major rivers and Chaohu dams and key sections, and implemented 24-hour lighting duty.

　　Patrol the dam, party member rushed ahead.

　　At present, more than 50,000 party member cadres have devoted themselves to flood control and emergency rescue.

　　At 6 o’clock in the morning, at first light, Li Yebing got on the electric motorcycle and rushed to the dam. When he reached the Nanfei River, he put on his raincoat, rubber shoes and shovel, and began to patrol the embankment. Party member, a 72-year-old man from Shikou Community, Changlinhe Town, Feidong County, Hefei City, has been involved in flood control since late June. "I am old, but I have much experience! It is glorious that I can still play a little residual heat before the flood. " Li Yebing introduced with a smile that there are eight people involved in his community, each of whom is responsible for inspecting the dam about 1.5 kilometers. "At first, it was a six-hour patrol, and later it became three hours. Now, it is necessary to patrol the embankment every hour."

　　It’s still raining, and the water level of Nanfeihe River is rising almost every day. Li Yebing patrolled the embankment and dared not slack off. At noon, I got a box lunch and sat on a pony. While eating, Li Yebing still kept an eye on the water. "Once it is found that the water level exceeds the safety limit or leaks, it must be rushed up at the first time. This is my responsibility as an old party member! Don’t say that I am only 72 years old. Even if I am 82 or 92 years old, I will still stick to the front line of flood control. " Li Yebing said.

　　"The flood fighting and emergency rescue is a big test for party member. They move at the command and smell ‘ Flood season ’ Attacking, regardless of gains and losses, fighting selflessly, fully embodies the responsibility and responsibility of Communist party member. " Yao Fei, county magistrate of Feidong County, said.

　　It is understood that at present, more than 50,000 party member cadres have been involved in flood control emergency rescue in Hefei, and more than 380 party member commandos, more than 260 party member rescue teams and more than 650 party member volunteer service teams have been established.

　　Anti-waterlogging, no dead angle in investigation

　　Knocking on the door from door to door, earnestly persuading them to leave, working for dozens of hours, and moving the pump truck to help drain nearly 420,000 cubic meters of water.

　　Not long ago, heavy rain poured down in Hefei. "No, there is water at the intersection of North First Ring Road and Feixi Road!" In Hefei Urban and Rural Flood Control Headquarters, he hung up the phone, and Chen Shiyong immediately called up the flood control command and dispatch system to check information, judge water level and dispatch drainage vehicles. Then, he plunged into the rain and started to rush to the scene.

　　Chen Shiyong, 45, is the district leader of the Drainage Management Office of Hefei Urban and Rural Construction Bureau. He has been a party member for 25 years. During the flood season, he is responsible for the inspection and maintenance of drainage facilities within his jurisdiction and the emergency response to flood control. The water at the intersection has exceeded the warning water level. The transferred large mobile pump truck is racing against time to pump water and discharge it. Arrange personnel to inspect the wellhead and outlet as quickly as possible.

　　The merchants along the street are about to be flooded, and there is no time to think about it. Chen Shiyong knocks on the door from door to door, earnestly persuading him to leave. The water level of Banqiao River was too high, and the water accumulated on the road surface for a long time was caused by backward flow. He took the lead in launching water for investigation and went down to block the drainage outlet. "The drainage facilities in the city are our key focus. Once a fault occurs, it is likely to cause urban waterlogging." Chen Shiyong said, "In the past, we ensured traffic. Now, we have to ensure safety."

　　Chen Shiyong led the team members to work continuously for dozens of hours, during which mobile pump trucks were dispatched to help drain more than 30 times, helping to drain nearly 420,000 cubic meters of water. It’s still raining, but the accumulated water has gradually receded.

　　In order to prevent urban waterlogging and flood season, Hefei Urban and Rural Flood Control Headquarters strictly implemented the 24-hour duty system and the leadership shift system in flood season. On the one hand, strengthen the inspectors who are on duty under the bridge and at the flood-prone points to ensure that the personnel are on the job and carry out emergency response at the first time; On the other hand, ensure that "the accumulated water is as little as possible and the accumulated water time is as short as possible".

A few days ago, according to the website of National Geographic magazine, the mountain climber Lena Oztuk entered the remote Himalayan cave in the ancient kingdom with an expedition and found a large number of ancient manuscripts.

During this expedition, they found a large number of paintings and manuscripts of Xizang in the 15th century, and the origami in Oztuk’s hand was one of them. These cultural relics can be associated with the source of inspiration of Shangri-La in the real world. In the novel Lost Horizon, which was popular among readers in 1930s, the British writer james hilton described Shangri-La as a fictional paradise.

Until recently, only a handful of people personally explored these mysterious caves dug on the steep cliff surface, because Upper Mustang is a forbidden area in Nepal and has been closed to outsiders for a long time. In 2007, a research team led by Broger coburn, an American researcher and Himalayan expert, and Pete assas, a veteran mountaineer, headed for the cliff where the rocks were peeling off and explored these artificial caves.

In two new documentaries, The Lost Himalayan Cave Temple and The Secret of Shangri-La, premiered by American Public Broadcasting Corporation on November 18th, 2009, the audience can see a series of treasures that they found during this trip and the second expedition in 2008.

The expedition found human remains.

During the exploration of Shangri-La Cave in Upper Mustang, Nepal in August 2008, the expedition team found some human remains. The man in the photo is assas, a mountain climber, who is staring at these bones. In 2007, assas and his colleagues discovered a Buddhist temple in Tibet, which was decorated with exquisite murals. Among them, a group of Buddhist murals consisted of 55 paintings, depicting the life of the Buddha. During the second exploration in 2008, the expedition discovered some human remains dating back to 600 years ago, a large number of precious manuscripts, and some small paintings as decorations.

Buddhist murals found in caves on cliffs

These Buddhist murals in remote Mustang caves were discovered in 2008, and they were carved in the steep cliffs above the Kaligandaki River watershed. Mark Turing of the Digital Himalayan Project of Cambridge University in the United Kingdom said that the Kingdom of Gumustan is called "the end of the world", which is full of vitality, profound cultural heritage and diversified religious beliefs.

A realistic version of Shambhala?

A 13th-14th century painting found on the wall of a cave in the kingdom of Gumustan depicts Mahagara, the patron saint of Buddhists in Xizang, that is, the dark sky. The cultural treasures found in Mustang caves mean that these places are related to the "hidden valley" that is believed to represent Shambhala, a Buddhist spiritual paradise. Many scholars believe that Shambhala has a corresponding place in the real world.

Coburn, head of the expedition, said: "These hidden valleys were born in the era of struggle, when Buddhist practice and leaders were threatened." In the novel of 1933, British writer Hilton introduced the concept of "Shambhala" to describe the lost valley of Shangri-La. Shangri-La is an isolated mountain area and a treasure house of cultural wisdom.

Precious religious materials

For centuries, although the Mustang Cave has not been spared from predators, coburn’s expedition discovered about 30 volumes of religious writing materials and collected some precious manuscripts from them. Coburn said that the cool and dry climate in mountainous areas provided a good environment for the preservation of ancient manuscripts, which included both Buddhist and local contents. This religion is an early indigenous religion in Xizang. Two religious writings show that after Xizang converted to Buddhism, the local people’s belief in this religion lasted for at least one or two centuries. Buddhism was introduced into Xizang in the 8th century.

Found human remains 600 years ago

A member of the expedition holds a human skull found in a remote Mustang cave in Nepal. In 2008, the expedition discovered human remains dating back to 600 years ago. The area where the remains are located may be a tomb, indicating that these caves were once used to bury the dead.

　

Collate the ancient written materials of Xizang.

In 2008, in one of the Mustan caves, Oztuk sorted out and classified a pile of ancient Xizang scripts. These manuscripts contain writings of Buddhism and this religion, which was a native religion in early Xizang. The expedition that discovered these 15th-century manuscripts believed that King Mustang did not choose to burn the books of this religion, but abandoned them in the cave, which was obviously a choice to show respect.

Turing of the Digital Himalayan Project at Cambridge University said that the discovery of these manuscripts may also be related to the tradition of Xizang people deliberately hiding religious works. He said: "These findings are obviously of great significance to the study of Xizang people’s traditions. People have discovered hidden manuscripts, or hidden cultural knowledge. These things may be lost or deliberately hidden. "

Original crossbow u replies to global doctors’ organization

Pay attention to the latest research progress of avian influenza epidemic

Recently, a case of human infection caused by avian influenza occurred in Texas, USA, involving a dairy worker. This is the second human case of avian influenza reported in the United States. At present, the patient’s condition is mild and has recovered.

At present, there is no evidence that avian influenza virus has spread from person to person, but infection has been found in 32 dairy cows in at least 8 States. Therefore, scientists and food safety experts are worried that the discovery of avian influenza in dairy cows is likely to affect the spread and spread among dairy cows.

Avian influenza virus experts have noticed that compared with birds, the discovery of avian influenza virus in poultry and mammals is a new phenomenon, which means the variability of the virus.

According to the current report, in addition to birds, many mammals, such as minks, skunks and raccoons, have also reported cases of bird flu.

Experts speculate that it may be accidental, that is, mammals may be infected by eating dead birds or touching bird droppings, but the virus does not spread between their groups.

Scientists believe that vaccination is an effective means to prevent and control avian influenza in poultry, but for large mammals such as cows, the vaccine effect is limited.

At present, scientists are speeding up the research on genetically engineered animals that can resist avian influenza virus and developing more effective vaccines to deal with the potential avian influenza virus pandemic.

In a word, through the experience and lessons of COVID-19 epidemic, active prevention is the key to prevent and control this potential global health threat.

According to the official report of CDC, the symptoms of avian influenza virus infection in humans are not specific, ranging from mild eye infection to severe respiratory symptoms, and also include common symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat and dyspnea. Severe cases may require hospitalization.

In order to accurately diagnose and identify whether the patient is infected with avian influenza virus, it should be suggested to collect samples from the patient’s respiratory tract for laboratory pathogen detection.

According to the latest report of FDA, in a large-scale study, it was found that pasteurized milk contained avian influenza virus particles (the virus itself has been inactivated), but it did not seem to pose a risk to human health.

FDA epidemic monitor said that the pasteurization process has been providing good health and safety guarantee for public health for hundreds of years, and it is believed that the current avian influenza virus will not pose a health risk to consumers.

"Even if viruses are detected in raw milk, pasteurization can usually eliminate pathogens to a level that does not pose a risk to consumers’ health."

FDA officials added that "in addition to evaluating various types of dairy products (whole milk, cream), more tests and analysis are being conducted on milk on the shelves of stores across the United States".

However, avian influenza virus has been detected in raw milk before, and health authorities have been advising people not to eat raw milk.

April 24th: The latest monitoring by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) shows that there are cases of avian influenza virus infecting cows in nine states:

Related report information:

Original title: Avian Influenza Epidemic: FDA Detects Avian Influenza Virus in Food Store Milk.

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　　earlier times

　　1. The charge is based on "5", "37 is five, and 28 is zero";

　　2. The same starting point and ending point, different routes are charged at the lowest cost;

　　3. Freight cars are charged by weight

　　at present

　　1. According to the actual path, ETC can be charged to the nearest minute;

　　2. According to the actual (accurate) driving route, segment deduction or charging is performed;

　　3. Freight cars are charged by car (axle)

　　Since January 1st, after all the provincial toll stations of expressways were cancelled, some car owners in Xi ‘an suddenly found that the charges of the expressway sections they often take have changed, which is a little higher than before. Is it a price increase quietly?

　　The owner wondered.

　　Toll increased after New Year’s Day?

　　Recently, some netizens posted: "In the past, from Gaoxin to Xianyang West, ETC around the city has been charging 9.5 yuan. After the New Year’s Day, the same journey was displayed as 0 at the exit, but the actual deduction for inquiring about ETC was 12.91 yuan, which was 36% higher than the original. A hearing should be held on the issue of fees related to people’s livelihood. How can it just go up?"

　　Some netizens said: "On January 2nd, the airport expressway, 5 yuan became 6 yuan. Don’t underestimate it, it rose by 20%.".

　　After the withdrawal of the station, not only in Xi ‘an, but also in all parts of China, netizens were surprised by the price increase of expressway sections, thinking that there was a disguised price increase.

　　In addition, Mr. Wang, the owner of Xi ‘an, also found that the short-distance high-speed charges seem to have dropped. He told reporters that he started in 5 yuan at a high speed before, but in the past two days, he went up from Yanta Road around the city entrance to Gaoxinkou and paid 3 yuan money.

　　■ Reporter experience

　　The toll of many sections has gone up, and it is also surprising that 1 yuan charges.

　　On January 6th, the reporter from Huashang Daily took a bus to experience the charges of some high-speed sections. Since the vehicles were not equipped with ETC, they could only take the manual passage.

　　Go around the city from Gaoxin to Xianyang West: 14 yuan. Asked whether the price has increased, the toll collector said, "No, the charging method is accurate, which used to be calculated by integers."

　　From Xianyang West to Seoul Toll Station: 12 yuan. The toll collector said there were more 2 yuan than before.

　　From Seoul Toll Station to Weiyang Toll Station: 1 yuan. According to 5 yuan, which started before, this short distance is cheap.

　　From Weiyang Toll Station to Airport Toll Station: 13 yuan, the toll collector said that there was no price increase, and handed the reporter a note on the adjustment of the charging method, indicating that the charging method had changed.

　　From the airport toll station to the Seoul toll station: 12 yuan, the toll collector said it was increased by 2 yuan.

　　■ Old driver comments

　　Higher prices than lower prices, high-speed office workers spend more money.

　　Li Shifu, who has been driving for more than 20 years, commented that the price increase was more than the price decrease. "If the fee is only reduced below 5 yuan, there will not be many beneficiaries, because generally speaking, the short distance of one or two kilometers does not need to be on the high speed."

　　Li Shifu believes that most people take the high-speed mileage above 10 yuan, so the toll will increase, especially those who take the high-speed highway to work for a long time, and the transportation fee will obviously rise. Take the airport expressway as an example. In the past, 10 yuan’s money was now 12 yuan, and there were more 4 yuan round trips.

　　During the experience, the reporter also noticed that there was no long queue congestion in the above toll stations. Relatively speaking, the ETC lane was very smooth, and there were a little more vehicles in the artificial lane, which required a short queue.

　　■ Relevant policies

　　More accurate billing. ETC charges are accurate to the minute.

　　At 0: 00 on January 1st, all the 21 provincial toll stations of expressways in Shaanxi Province and seven neighboring provinces were cancelled. When vehicles pass through the inter-provincial expressway, the main line will pass without stopping. At the same time, the expressway toll mode is adjusted, and the ETC vehicle toll amount is calculated to the nearest minute according to the rounding principle, and the manual toll is calculated to the nearest yuan according to the rounding principle. ETC vehicles enjoy a 5% toll concession when passing through the national expressway.

　　That is to say, it is precisely because of this change in charging methods that in the reporter’s experience, figures like 1 yuan, 12 yuan, 13 yuan and 14 yuan have appeared, instead of 5 yuan and 10 yuan. After the ETC vehicle toll is calculated by the corresponding discount, there will be a penny. Huashang Daily reporter lin li

Source: Huashang. com-Huashang Daily

Related hot word search:

　　BEIJING, Chengdu, March 21 (Xinhua) According to the Sichuan Seismological Network, at 8: 56 on the 21st, a magnitude 3.0 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County, Sichuan (31.2 north latitude, 104.2 east longitude).

　　At 5: 22 on the 21st, an earthquake of magnitude 2.2 occurred in Changning, Sichuan (28.7 north latitude and 105.0 east longitude). (End)

Editor: Xu Guimei