Is it better for children to be fat？ Please pay attention to these rumors that sound a little ＂scientific＂
Rumors:
It’s better for children to be fat. They are cute and strong.
Truth: Children should pay attention to maintaining a healthy weight. The seemingly cute and sturdy "fat doll" actually has a major hidden danger that threatens health.
Obesity will reduce the lung function of children and adolescents, lead to shortness of breath, and also affect the heart function, so that the heartbeat is accelerated and the myocardial contractility is increased. In the long run, the heart will easily fail due to unbearable. At the same time, obese children will have a decline in exercise speed, endurance and explosive power, and their activities will be restricted, and they will be easily injured when doing strenuous exercise.
In addition, if the obesity of children and adolescents is not corrected in time, there is a 60% possibility that they will remain obese in adulthood, which will increase the risk of hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, essential hypertension, type II diabetes, tumors and other diseases in adulthood.
Found pregnant after x-ray
You can’t have children.
Rumors:
X-ray has a great influence on human health, especially on pregnant women, babies and fetuses. Therefore, after the X-ray is taken, it is found that the child can’t have it, and it is necessary to have an abortion in time.
Truth:
Scientific research has confirmed that there is a threshold for the adverse effects of X-rays on all mammals and cubs, including humans, and even embryos. No matter for adults or fetuses, the radiation received must reach a certain level to be damaged. Therefore, we can’t talk about the damage without the "dose" of radiation.
For the fetus, different gestational ages correspond to different safe doses of radiation. In 2017, the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists issued relevant guidelines: from 0 to 2 weeks of pregnancy, the threshold of teratogenic dose is 50 to 100mSv (millisieverts), and the main impact is fetal death; From 2 to 8 weeks of pregnancy, the threshold of teratogenic dose is 200mSv, and the main influence is congenital malformation; From 8 to 15 weeks of pregnancy, the threshold of teratogenic dose is 60 to 310mSv, which mainly affects mental development and deformity. Therefore, the threshold of the minimum influence dose of the fetus is 50mSv, which is safe as long as it does not exceed this value in theory.
In general, the radiation dose of an ordinary chest X-ray is 0.02mSv, a knee X-ray is 0.005mSv, a head CT is 2mSv, and a chest CT is 8mSv. Obviously, these radiation doses are within the safe range. To reach 50mSv is equivalent to 2,500 chest radiographs in continuous shooting, or 6 consecutive CT scans.
Many hospitals will also take corresponding protective measures for those who are examined. For example, when taking a chest X-ray, the examinee will be put on a special lead hat and collar, and a heavy lead apron will be put around the waist and below to avoid unnecessary radiation to the human body.
"Bamboo charcoal food"
Can detoxify and beautify
Rumors:
Bamboo charcoal can absorb harmful substances in the human body, purify toxins in the blood, help the human body digest and excrete, clean the intestines, and have the effect of detoxification and beauty.
Truth:
The adsorption capacity of carbon is closely related to the specific surface area, and the surface area per gram of substance is called the specific surface area. The familiar activated carbon is the product of further "activation" of carbon. The specific surface area of bamboo charcoal is generally 150-500 square meters, and it can also be used as the raw material of activated carbon. After activation, the specific surface area of bamboo charcoal can be increased to 1000-2000 square meters, or even higher.
Although bamboo charcoal itself has adsorption function, it can be placed in a living room or refrigerator as a moisture absorbent, deodorant, etc., but the adsorption performance of bamboo charcoal is not the same as the principle of adsorbing human endotoxin. The so-called function of "adsorbing toxins in the body" is not credible and has no scientific reason.
Metabolites in the human body, such as urea, uric acid, etc., can be excreted in the form of urine through the kidney under normal renal function, and a small amount will enter the intestine and be excreted through feces. Therefore, only when there is something wrong with our kidneys and we can’t finish the excretion of metabolites, doctors will give patients medical activated carbon to absorb excessive metabolic waste in the body, thus reducing the burden on the kidneys. For normal people, bamboo charcoal, activated carbon, etc., as a foreign body, will creep into the intestine after being swallowed in the stomach, and will basically be excreted as it is, which will not only fail to play a good role, but also affect the absorption of nutrients and cause problems such as indigestion and constipation.
More importantly, it is illegal to add bamboo charcoal as an additive to food. Bamboo charcoal can’t be used as food raw materials, and it has not been listed in the National Food Safety Standard for the Use of Food Additives (GB2760-2011), so it can’t be used as a legal additive. Therefore, "bamboo charcoal food" is actually a food processed with materials that are not allowed by the state. Its functional effects and safety such as detoxification in the human body have not been scientifically and effectively verified, so consumers should be cautious.
Between immediate family members
Direct blood transfusion has the best effect
Rumors:
When blood is needed, it is best to find your immediate family members to donate blood, because the blood relationship is close, the rejection reaction is small and the effect is the best.
Truth:
Blood transfusion is essentially a kind of transplantation. Because of the high similarity of antigens between relatives, when the immune system of the recipient, that is, the host, is seriously defective or suppressed, it may lack recognition of similar lymphocytes of the immediate family members from outside. At this time, foreign lymphocytes will be "anti-guest-oriented", settle down, proliferate and attack the host’s own tissues, causing fatal complications. Most of these complications occur 7-14 days after blood transfusion, mainly manifested as rash, jaundice, diarrhea, etc. When the condition is difficult to control, it will deteriorate rapidly and even be infected to death.
Therefore, untreated blood between immediate family members cannot be used for mutual transfusion at will. The closer the blood relationship between blood donors and blood users is, the higher the probability of occurrence, so blood transfusion between immediate family members should be avoided as much as possible.
In addition, pay attention to blood transfusion between husband and wife. Under normal circumstances, it is not recommended for a husband to give blood to his wife, especially for couples who have not yet given birth. If a wife receives her husband’s blood, she may produce IgG antibodies against her husband’s blood group antigen. When the wife is pregnant, this antibody will enter the fetus through the placenta, which may lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn and even death of the newborn in severe cases.