Small QR code scanning is risky

　　Experts believe that supervision should be strengthened to change the disorderly state of making and publishing QR codes as soon as possible.

　　

　　Meng Qiang

　　Zou yang

　　Outpatient questions:

　　How to prevent the risks brought by scanning QR codes?

　　Outpatient specialist:

　　Beijing Institute of Technology

　　Associate professor Meng Qiang

　　Zou Yang, Procurator of Hanjiang District Procuratorate, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

　　Expert opinion:

　　◇ The low illegal cost makes the QR code easy to be used by criminals, which seriously threatens the information security of users.

　　◇ Improve the laws and regulations on mobile Internet security, restrict the status quo of "everyone can make, print and publish QR codes", and clearly stipulate the qualification, certification and filing of QR code enterprises to promote the healthy development of the whole industry.

　　Salesmen who used to stand on the roadside and on subway platforms and hand out leaflets and coupons are now mostly equipped with upgrades. They held an "advertising bill" in their hands and mobilized pedestrians coming and going: "Scan a code and pay attention!"

　　Scan the QR code on the leaflet, pay attention to the merchant WeChat official account, and regularly receive the preferential information pushed by the merchant. This promotion method is called "scanning the code to push" by the insiders. In order to let more people "sweep", "sweep the code and push" generally gives some small gifts. This seems to be a win-win promotion, but there are many security risks.

　　Ms. Wang, the owner of the online shop in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, used her mobile phone to scan the QR code, but the mobile phone webpage was never displayed. Ms. Wang, who felt that something was wrong, logged into Alipay and Taobao accounts and found that more than 30,000 yuan of funds in the account were transferred away.

　　Ms. Xu of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province also lost more than 20,000 yuan because she scanned a QR code. Compared with other victims, she is lucky. After the Hanjiang District Procuratorate of Yangzhou City prosecuted this new type of credit card fraud case, all four defendants were convicted, and the money finally returned to Ms. Xu. Recently, the reporter interviewed Meng Qiang, associate professor of Beijing Institute of Technology and secretary general of China Civil Law Research Association, and Zou Yang, deputy section chief of the Public Prosecution Department of Hanjiang District Procuratorate, who undertook the case.

　　What is the QR code?

　　Reporter:What is a QR code? Do I have to go through approval before publishing?

　　Meng Qiang:Two-dimensional code has become a key technology for the development of the Internet of Things because of its large amount of information and convenient use. However, recently, the loss incidents of users’ mobile phones after scanning the two-dimensional code have occurred frequently in various places, which should attract the attention of the regulatory authorities on the management loopholes of the two-dimensional code. Two-dimensional code is a black-and-white figure distributed by a certain geometric figure according to a certain law. Because of its characteristics of large amount of stored information, convenient access to information, simple generation and easy operation, two-dimensional code has been widely used in many fields such as commodity traceability, logistics tracking, identity authentication and so on. With the popularity of mobile smart phones, in daily life, you can add friends, download coupons, pay bills, browse the web, download mobile applications and so on with a "sweep" of your mobile phone. From Baidu’s search for "QR code generator", more than 460,000 search results appeared. It can be seen that the generation of QR codes is very simple and convenient, and any institution or organization can make and publish QR codes at will.

　　Reporter:Any institution or organization can make and publish QR codes at will, will it bring risks to public safety?

　　Meng Qiang:It is the low illegal cost that makes the QR code easy to be used by criminals, so that bad information such as network virus, pornography and reaction can be released and spread at will, which seriously threatens the information security of users. From the user’s point of view, the two-dimensional code can’t directly identify whether the information it contains is legal or not. Criminals usually generate a two-dimensional code from toxic or plug-in websites, and declare coupons, software or videos to induce users to scan, and the beginning of code scanning represents the beginning of risk. There are two main risks brought by QR codes to users: The first is to obtain personal information in the user’s mobile phone by malicious implantation of Trojan virus, forced download and account registration, resulting in personal information leakage. The second is to maliciously deduct fees by inducing the installation of software, information verification, etc., or even steal the user’s savings card and credit card account by Trojan implantation. Although China has not yet promulgated the personal information protection law, Article 5 of the General Principles of the Civil Law stipulates that the legitimate civil rights and interests of citizens and legal persons are protected by law, and no organization or individual may infringe upon them. Article 2 of the Tort Liability Law also stipulates that anyone who infringes upon civil rights and interests shall bear tort liability. Every citizen’s personal information is his own legitimate rights and interests, which should be protected. If he maliciously obtains other people’s information through QR code, the actor should bear the responsibility for the damage caused. At the same time, such behavior also endangers the social economic management order and may be subject to administrative punishment. Moreover, malicious deduction of fees and theft of accounts infringe on the property rights and interests of users.It may constitute theft, fraud and credit card fraud.

　　How do ordinary consumers prevent and control code scanning risks?

　　Reporter:Two-dimensional code technology provides a lot of convenience for our lives, but also brings risks and security risks. Before "sweeping", how can users be vigilant and reduce information security risks?

　　Meng Qiang:There is no free lunch in the world. Users should first raise their awareness of vigilance and choose a QR code from a safe and reliable channel for reading. For QR codes of unknown origin, especially roadside advertisements, advertisements in elevators, advertising leaflets and QR codes of unknown websites, don’t blindly scan them, and if necessary, detect them in advance. According to the relevant tips of China Consumers Association, some mobile phone security software has cooperated with QR code scanning software or independently launched a QR code scanning tool with security detection function. After consumers scan the QR code, these scanning software will automatically detect whether the QR code contains security threats such as malicious websites, mobile phone Trojan viruses or download links of malicious software. Once a threat is detected, the scanning software will remind consumers to download and install it carefully, so as to prevent consumers’ mobile phones from being infected with malicious software and ensure users’ safety. Good use habits are an important means to reduce the threat of information security. At the same time, if the user scans the QR code and finds that it is an illegal link, he should immediately close the link uninstallation software to block the way for criminals to obtain information. Once the personal information has been leaked or the bank card has been stolen, the user should immediately report to the police and keep relevant evidence for the police to investigate.

　　Zou Yang:In the case that Ms. Xu was cheated in Yangzhou, after Ms. Xu scanned the QR code sent by a seller with her mobile phone while shopping in Taobao, the bank card was stolen by more than 24,000 yuan. The investigation by the Hanjiang District Public Security Bureau found that a person named "Ye Jinhua" was suspected of committing a major crime, so he followed the trail and arrested four suspects, including Ye Jinhua. Since August 2013, Ye Jinhua, Ye Jialiang’s on-line Chen Mingchun and Dai Zhihao rented a "two-dimensional code Trojan program" through the Internet, and pre-programmed their own mobile phone numbers into the two-dimensional code Trojan program. Later, Chen Mingchun disguised as a Taobao seller to "build a Chinese dream" to sell electrical appliances. As long as a buyer "takes the bait", he sent the QR code containing the Trojan horse through Taobao Want Want, and fabricated various reasons to convince the buyer that scanning the QR code would be cheaper. The mobile phone number preset by Chen Mingchun and Dai Zhihao in the Trojan virus will automatically intercept the victim’s mobile phone message (mainly intercepting the verification code in the fast payment), and then log in to the victim’s Taobao account. Get the bank card information bound by the victim’s Taobao account by logging in to Taobao account, and bind the victim’s bank card to his own Yifubao account, and then use Xu’s credit card to spend or cash out on the shopping platform through fast payment. It can be seen that cyber crime has broken the limitation of crime space and target groups, with low crime cost, wide range of harm and more confusing and deceptive. With the popularization and application of mobile phones and the Internet, all kinds of people have become the targets of criminal gangs. Objectively, this kind of case has high detection cost and is difficult to recover.At present, a comprehensive and effective prevention and strike mechanism has not been formed. Therefore, it is more important for consumers to strengthen self-prevention.

　　Reporter:What warning can we get from this criminal chain with mobile phone number as the breakthrough?

　　Zou Yang:After the suspect intercepts the mobile phone number, the password of Taobao account can be found through the mobile phone verification code. Knowing the bank card number of the victim who opened the fast payment function, plus controlling his mobile phone, you can use the received payment random verification code to complete the payment. Therefore, it is suggested that consumers, first, the mobile phone number bundled with Taobao account and the mobile phone number bundled with fast payment should not be commonly used; Second, the above two numbers are not the same number. In this way, if there is a Trojan virus in one mobile phone, the other mobile phone has a line of defense.

　　How do regulators plug the security loopholes of QR codes?

　　Reporter:In the face of the information security threat brought by QR code, how should the regulatory authorities plug the security loopholes?

　　Meng Qiang:As a regulatory authority, in order to plug the security loopholes of QR codes, it is imperative to introduce the standards for the use of QR codes, improve the laws and regulations on mobile Internet security, restrict the status quo that QR codes can be produced, printed and published by everyone, and clearly stipulate the qualifications, certification and filing of QR codes. Only in this way can the healthy development of the whole industry be promoted. Some experts also suggested that a "trusted two-dimensional code platform" should be set up by a regulatory agency or company, and combined with digital signature technology, so that users can know which organization generated this two-dimensional code every time they scan it, and can ensure that it has not been tampered with in the middle, and at the same time, the source of malicious two-dimensional code can be traced. This is also a feasible solution to the risk of QR code. At the same time, the regulatory authorities should also guide QR code enterprises to establish a standardized industry self-discipline mechanism. As early as 2002, internet society of china announced the "China Internet Industry Self-discipline Convention", which advocated the Internet industry practitioners to join the Convention, and required members to "consciously safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and keep user information secret; Do not use the information provided by users to engage in any activities unrelated to the commitments made to users, and do not use technology or other advantages to infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers or users. " As an important means of personal information protection mechanism, industry self-discipline is of great significance to personal information protection. Gradually establishing such a self-discipline mechanism in the QR code industry is also conducive to guiding the healthy development of the whole industry.

　　Reporter:Criminals use fast payment as a "money laundering" platform for fraudulent use of other people’s credit cards. Should this new method attract the attention of regulators?

　　Zou Yang:The fast payment services launched by third-party payment platforms such as Eppay and Alipay allow users who do not have online banking to pay transactions by binding credit cards or savings cards as a fast payment method. When binding, as long as you know the cardholder’s bank card number, ID number and mobile phone number, you can complete the payment without bank card password verification. Although it is convenient, it also leaves opportunities for scammers. According to the investigators, from the analysis of handling cases in recent years, there is no problem in monitoring the flow of bank funds in the system, but if criminals transfer huge amounts of funds through third-party payment platforms, or directly buy online games and sell them at a discount, they can successfully "launder money", and some even can’t trace the whereabouts of funds. This kind of crime seriously endangers social and economic security and stability, and needs to attract the attention of regulators.

　　CCTV News:All along, many "gyms" have implemented the consumption mode of membership and prepaid cards. However, this mode of operation has also brought troubles to many consumers. Not long ago, Ms. Jin in Shenzhen was miserable because of a fitness prepaid card. In July last year, Ms. Jin met a salesman who claimed to be Shenzhen Sailewei Fitness Management Co., Ltd. in the community. He claimed that a branch would be opened soon in this community, and a certain amount of money would be pre-stored and a fitness annual card would be applied within one week, which would give a great discount. Subsequently, with the assistance of the staff, Ms. Jin signed a fitness membership contract and paid 5996 yuan for a personal supreme five-year card. However, the gym in Ms. Jin’s community has not been opened for a long time. After half a year, the opening plan of the store has been cancelled.

　　It is difficult to refund prepaid cards. Fitness institutions say that they can only transfer to stores for consumption.

　　The gym didn’t open at all, but the prepaid money was still in the card. After the incident, Ms. Jin repeatedly communicated with the staff of Sailewei Gym and wanted to get her money back. But the answer she got was that she couldn’t get a refund and could only transfer to another store for consumption.

　　Ms. Jin, Consumer:He forced me to go to their other gym all the time, but I said I wouldn’t go. I run a gym in our community, but now you don’t open it. I think you should give me my money back.

　　The reporter’s investigation found that in addition to the unopened branch in Ms. Jin’s community, Sailewei Company has two stores in Shenzhen, of which Nanshan Store ceased to operate in March this year. In order to find out the truth, the reporter came to … … In Shuisong Building outside Xiasha subway station, the number of "Sailewei Fitness" is clearly hung on the first floor of the street. The reporter saw in the reception hall of the gym on the third floor that the whole wall behind the service desk was marked with the English sign of "Sailewei Fitness". After the front desk staff learned that the reporter had come to know about the refund, they called the fitness consultant for reception.

　　Reporter:What about her five-year card? Don’t return it?

　　Gym staff:Her card can be stopped and she can be transferred here to exercise.

　　Reporter:Can’t I get a refund?

　　Gym staff:I told you, I can’t return it, and Sailawei went bankrupt, which has nothing to do with us.

　　Reporter:Who does the member go to in this situation?

　　Gym staff:There’s nothing we can do, and I don’t know who you should go to.

　　Ms. Jin has repeatedly communicated with the staff of the fitness chain about the refund, and the negotiation has been unsuccessful. Up to now, the full refund has not been made.

　　Consumer Council of Shenzhen: Refund of fees and running away become a hot spot of complaints.

　　Like Ms. Jin, it is not uncommon for a card to be returned after one minute. Recently, the Shenzhen Consumer Council released a set of data. From January to October this year, there were more than 19,000 prepaid consumer complaints. The number of complaints about the fitness industry is increasing exponentially year by year.

　　Feng Nianwen, Secretary General of Shenzhen Consumer Council:There are two typical situations. One is that after paying the advance payment, the consumer finds that the quality commitment of the service is not as good as the information that the consumer was informed at the beginning, that is, the goods are not on the right board, simply speaking. The second is to run away with prepaid consumption. After the consumer pays a sum of money, the business disappears.

　　According to the staff of Shenzhen Consumer Council, the number of complaints about the fitness industry is increasing exponentially year by year. It mainly focuses on five major issues, such as fee refund, merchants running away, closing doors, private education, merchant transfer, card transfer and card suspension. Among them, the problem of refund is the most, accounting for 34.39%, followed by the problem of merchants running away and closing doors, accounting for 24.54%. The Consumer Council of Shenzhen pushed the operators who "ran away" in the prepaid consumption field and failed to refund the prepayments of consumers as agreed, and their main responsible persons to the Shenzhen Public Credit Center for public disclosure through the Shenzhen Credit Network.

　　Pre-paid consumer complaints become hot spots. Supervision should start from the source.

　　Since 2014, prepaid consumption has been a hot issue for national consumer organizations to accept complaints. So, how can we curb such problems from the source?

　　Experts introduced the Measures for the Administration of Single-use Commercial Prepaid Cards (Trial) promulgated by the Ministry of Commerce on September 21, 2012. The "Measures" stipulate that enterprises issuing prepaid cards should go to the commercial department for filing within 30 days after issuance, and deposit depository funds in commercial banks according to a certain proportion of the funds received in advance. However, in reality, whether an enterprise has filed a record or deposited funds basically depends on the voluntary self-discipline of the card-issuing enterprise, and the use of funds is even more difficult to track and supervise.

　　Experts said that at present, China has not standardized the subject and behavior of issuing cards in a targeted manner in combination with the characteristics of prepaid consumption, which leads to the lack of feasibility and timeliness in the process of standardizing prepaid cards. Protecting rights afterwards is a passive move. The key to prevent the phenomenon of prepaid card consumption from flooding is to supervise from the source.

　　It is understood that in August last year, the General Office of the State Council issued "Opinions on Standardizing the Development of Off-campus Training Institutions", which requires that the state regulations on financial and asset management should be strictly implemented, and the charging period should be coordinated with the teaching arrangement, and the fees that span more than three months should not be charged at one time. In addition, some places are also actively exploring corresponding management methods. Recently, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Market Supervision, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Commerce, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission and other units have drafted seven documents, including Opinions on Strengthening the Management of Prepaid Consumer Market (Draft for Comment), and publicly solicited opinions on the website of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Market Supervision.

　　Chen Yinjiang, Deputy Secretary General of china law society Consumer Protection Law Research Association:In this draft for comments, for example, before you issue a card, you must go to this kind of relevant department for the record. (Delete) Then it means that the regulatory authorities know all about this fund that you are operating. Then if you have obvious problems, it can be to take some timely measures.

　　The Measures of Zhejiang Province for the Implementation of the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests in People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that "business operators can only issue single-use commercial prepaid vouchers six months after the date of approval and registration of their business licenses". "The amount of a single registered prepaid voucher provided by an enterprise as a legal person shall not exceed 5,000 yuan, and the amount of a single unregistered prepaid voucher shall not exceed 1,000 yuan."

　　The Regulations on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests in Jiangsu Province stipulates that if an operator provides goods or services by issuing a single-use prepaid card, the consumer has the right to ask for a refund without reason within 15 days from the date of payment. A single registered card shall not exceed 5,000 yuan, and a single bearer card shall not exceed 1000 yuan.

Recently, Mr. Lu, a citizen of Hangzhou, received a message: "Recently, the functions of ATM‘’s’ cash withdrawal without card’ and’ code scanning deposit’ in mobile banking have been suspended. If you need to withdraw money from self-service machines, remember to bring your bank card." When he talked to his relatives and friends around him, he found that many people had received similar notices during this period.

A number of banks announced the suspension of card-free deposits and withdrawals.

According to Securities Times. com, in recent years, many state-owned banks and joint-stock banks, such as Bank of China, China Construction Bank, China Everbright Bank and China CITIC Bank, have announced the suspension of card-free deposit and withdrawal related businesses.

Recently, the Bank of Communications announced that in order to promote high-quality business development and strengthen risk management, the reservation withdrawal service in the card-free withdrawal function of personal mobile banking will be stopped on May 24, 2024. Customers can still apply for card withdrawal, code scanning withdrawal or go to bank outlets to apply for withdrawal business through Bank of Communications intelligent machines.

It is understood that customers can make an appointment for "card-free withdrawal" on the mobile banking of Bank of Communications before, and preset the reservation verification code and reservation amount when withdrawing money without a card. After making an appointment, they can withdraw money at the bank ATM without a card.

Before Bank of Communications, another state-owned bank, Agricultural Bank of China, suspended the card-free withdrawal service of its mobile banking, but customers can still handle the related business of cash withdrawal at outlets by means of card reading, palm-scanning code withdrawal and face-brushing withdrawal.

In addition, CITIC Bank also cancelled this business this month. CITIC Bank announced that "the cash self-service equipment authorization code withdrawal function has been closed on May 17th".

Related business has been tightened for nearly two years.

Since August 2022, some banks have tightened the card-free deposit and withdrawal service.

According to the announcement issued by China Construction Bank, the reason why the bank deployed the two-dimensional code deposit function of ATM is to improve its service ability to cardholders. After this function is turned off, customers can choose to open the service of "face brushing" to handle ATM deposits. In addition to China Construction Bank, China Bank, China Guangfa Bank and China CITIC Bank have also announced that they will stop the deposit function of ATM QR code.

The reporter noticed that although the card-free deposit and withdrawal service has been tightened, most banks do not directly shut down the card-free cash business of self-service equipment, and services such as scanning code deposits and "brushing face" deposits can still be used. For example, at present, the mobile banking APP of China Merchants Bank can still use the scanning code deposit and withdrawal service, and the QR code withdrawal service does not need a physical card. The mobile banking can scan the QR code generated by ATM, then specify the card number and amount, and enter the withdrawal password on ATM to complete the transaction, with a single card limit of 20,000 yuan per day; Scan code deposit is limited to 50 thousand yuan, and can only survive.

"The ATM equipment of our bank can scan the code to withdraw money, and the scan code deposit needs to be handled by moving the counter." The staff of a branch of ICBC told the reporter that the bank’s self-service equipment can still carry out code scanning and withdrawal service, and it can be operated by scanning the code with the mobile banking APP and entering the withdrawal password. However, the code scanning deposit function of the self-service equipment has been cancelled, and it is now used as a way of counter-free transaction, which is suitable for customers who apply for deposits but do not carry ID cards or physical cards.

"If customers apply for deposits without cards, they can use ID cards or mobile banking scanning codes at the counter, and both methods are verified by the system for face recognition." The staff of a certain branch of ICBC mentioned above suggested that there is a difference in the amount of deposit and withdrawal between them. The ID card can handle the deposit and withdrawal business of less than 200,000 yuan, while the mobile banking can only handle the deposit and withdrawal business of less than 50,000 yuan.

More banks may keep pace.

The reporter combed the announcements of relevant banks on adjusting the card-free deposit and withdrawal business and found that risk management, cost reduction and optimization of financial services have become high-frequency words.

Wang Pengbo, a senior analyst in Broadcom’s financial industry, said that the tightening of card-free deposits and withdrawals of self-service devices was mainly due to user usage and security considerations.

"It is convenient and fast to deposit and withdraw money on self-service devices through mobile banking, and it is easy to be used by criminals." A bank employee told reporters that although most banks’ mobile banking regulations are limited to their own custody and use, cases of lending and buying and selling mobile banking have occurred from time to time.

Wang Pengbo said that the operation process of QR code deposit itself is cumbersome and the convenience of use is not enough. At the same time, the ATM QR code deposit business may not be able to accurately identify the depositor’s identity and confirm the relationship with the payee. In addition, the source and use of funds are hidden, which will make it more difficult for banks to monitor money laundering activities.

Wang Pengbo predicted that more banks will follow up and adjust the card-free deposit and withdrawal business in the future. "The bank deposit and withdrawal business should focus on security, and at the same time meet the principles of identity verification and unity of time and space."

Have you ever used the card-free deposit and withdrawal function?

What do you think of this?

Original title: "A number of banks announced: pause! 》

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　　　　　　 CCTV News:Today (October 13th) morning, the State Council Information Office held a press conference to introduce the import and export situation in the first three quarters of this year. The data shows that in the first three quarters of this year, the total value of China’s foreign trade import and export increased by 0.7% year-on-year, achieving positive growth for the first time in the year.

　　　　　　 Customs statistics show that in the first three quarters of this year, the total value of China’s foreign trade import and export was 23.12 trillion yuan, up 0.7% year-on-year. Foreign trade stabilized and improved quarter by quarter, and imports and exports were obviously better than expected.

　　　　　　 In terms of exports, since April, China’s exports have achieved positive growth for six consecutive months, mainly because epidemic prevention materials have boosted exports by 2.2 percentage points, followed by "home economy" commodities such as laptops and household appliances, which have boosted exports by 1.1 percentage points. In addition, the orderly promotion of domestic resumption of work and production has led to an increase in export orders.

　　　　　　 On the import side, the sustained and stable recovery of China’s economy has supported the recovery of import value. In the first three quarters, the import value of mechanical and electrical products in China increased by 3.9%, and the import volume of bulk commodities such as crude oil, iron ore and aluminum ore increased by 12.7%, 10.8% and 12.7% respectively.

relatives and friends

enjoy a happy get-together

Push the cup for a change.

Drink too much and die.

How to do it?

Pay for it

Case review

On January 27, 2022, Zhang contacted 9 people including A, B and C to have dinner at the hotel in the evening. That night, Zhang brought three bottles of white wine and bought a case of beer from the hotel. During the meal, two people left first. In the case of drunkenness, Party A and Party B toasted each other and advised them to drink until about ten o’clock in the evening. After the dinner, B was sent to the health center. A was sent home by his younger brother C. Later, C found that A was in a wrong situation and immediately sent him to the hospital for emergency treatment. A died after being rescued by the hospital on January 29th, 2022. The causes of death were acute alcoholism, respiratory and cardiac arrest, acute respiratory and circulatory failure, acute pulmonary edema and aspiration pneumonia. A’s parents and two children, as plaintiffs, sued eight people at the same table at the dinner that night and demanded compensation of more than 800,000 yuan.

Court hearing

The court held that it is understandable to drink together at dinner, but participants should not drink too much, toast and persuade, and they also have the obligation to persuade, remind and take care of each other. As a person with full capacity for civil conduct, A should have a sense of self-protection. He should know his physical condition and the risks brought by drinking. However, he allowed this risk to exist and drank a lot at dinner, which was a great fault for his death.

Defendant Zhang, as the organizer of this dinner, has a certain duty of safety care for the diners. Compared with other drinkers, he should dissuade them in time after discovering that A is drunk, and pay more attention to the abnormal performance of A after the dinner.

Defendant B, as a co-drinker, still toasted and advised each other when A was already drunk, which promoted the excessive drinking of A and should bear more liability for compensation than other drinkers.

Although defendant C didn’t drink alcohol on the wine table, he knew that A’s situation was wrong during the escort, but he didn’t send him to the hospital in time, so he should bear the responsibility.

The two people who left first didn’t know A before. Although they participated in the dinner, they didn’t drink alcohol, and when they left the dinner first, A didn’t have any abnormal situation, so they didn’t bear the liability for compensation.

The other four people failed to fulfill the obligation of persuasion, reminder and care when they were drinking wine, which led to the defendant B taking intravenous drip after drunkenness, and as a result, A died, and should be liable for the death of alcoholism after drinking alcohol.

To sum up, after comprehensively considering the faults of all parties, the court of first instance decided that Party A should bear 74% of the responsibility, while Defendant Zhang should bear 10%, Defendant B should bear 8%, Defendant C should bear 2% and the other four should bear 1.5% respectively. The plaintiff gave up the responsibility for C, so the court ruled that defendant B compensated plaintiff 91,683.58 yuan, and defendant Zhang compensated plaintiff 114,604.47 yuan. The other four people compensated the plaintiff 17,190.67 yuan respectively.

After the defendant Zhang refused to accept the appeal, the court of second instance presided over the mediation, and finally reached a mediation agreement with relatives of A voluntarily.

Judge’s statement

Under what circumstances should table drinkers bear legal responsibility?

In the banquet, if something goes wrong with drinking, there are four behaviors that the drinker at the same table should bear legal responsibility:

1, compulsive persuasion, such as "don’t drink enough friends" and other language to stimulate the other side to drink, or in the case that the other side is drunk and unconscious and has no self-control, still persuade them to drink.

2, knowing that the other party can’t drink, still advise him to drink, for example, knowing the other party’s physical condition, still advise him to drink and induce diseases.

3. Failing to escort the drunken person safely. If the drinker has lost or is about to lose control over himself, and is unconscious and unable to control his behavior, the drinker fails to send him to the hospital or send him home safely.

4, drunk driving did not discourage the car accident and other damage.

Law link

Civil Code of People’s Republic of China (PRC)

[Article 165th] If the actor infringes upon the civil rights and interests of others through his fault and causes damage, he shall bear the tort liability.

[Article 179] Anyone who infringes upon another person and causes personal injury shall pay compensation for medical expenses, nursing expenses, transportation expenses, nutrition expenses, hospital food subsidies and other reasonable expenses for treatment and rehabilitation, as well as the income reduced due to absenteeism. If it causes disability, it shall also compensate for the cost of assistive devices and disability compensation; If death is caused, funeral expenses and death compensation shall also be paid.

[Article 181] If the infringer dies, his near relatives have the right to request the infringer to bear tort liability. If the infringed person is an organization and the organization is divided or merged, the organization that inherits the rights has the right to request the infringer to bear the tort liability.

If the infringer dies, the person who paid the reasonable expenses such as medical expenses and funeral expenses of the infringer has the right to claim compensation from the infringer, unless the infringer has paid the expenses.

Judge’s prompt

Every drinker

Are the first responsible person for their own health.

In the process of drinking

Don’t force persuasion, excessive drinking and fighting.

Original title: "The Red Law Case | The man died after drinking, and his family claimed more than 800,000 yuan from 8 people at the same table. The court sentenced him! 》

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In recent years, marathon fashion has swept across the country, and marathon events have mushroomed everywhere. However, behind such a "high fever" marathon, a series of sudden cardiac deaths cast a lingering shadow over this healthy event. What is sudden cardiac death? How to give first aid to sudden cardiac death? Today, we are going to popularize the general knowledge of sudden cardiac death and the first aid method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

What is sudden cardiac death?

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines "sudden death" as a person who is usually healthy or seemingly healthy and dies of natural diseases in a short time. There are many reasons for sudden death, including acute myocardial infarction, malignant arrhythmia, pulmonary embolism, cerebrovascular disease, allergy, poisoning and so on. Among them, sudden cardiac death is the most common. According to the statistics released by the 15th World Arrhythmia Congress on September 17th, 2015, there are about 20 million arrhythmia patients in China, and about 540,000 people suffer from sudden cardiac death every year.

According to Xinhuanet, sudden cardiac death refers to the sudden and unexpected death of people who did not have or suffered from heart disease. Medically speaking, sudden death within one hour due to one’s own reasons without any external force such as car accident or violent injury is called sudden cardiac death. Most of the causes of sudden death are heart diseases. Due to the accelerated pace of modern life, some people forget to eat and sleep and work excessively, which will lead to the disorder of the immune system and electrolyte in the long run, which will increase the probability of sudden cardiac death. More than 80% of sudden cardiac death is caused by tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest.

Sudden death often occurs without warning.

According to the epidemiological survey of sudden cardiac death in China, 41.84 out of every 100,000 people died of sudden cardiac death. According to this calculation, nearly 600,000 people die suddenly every year in China, with 1,500 people every day, and the success rate of rescue outside the hospital is less than 1%. In some developed cities, the incidence of sudden cardiac death is comparable to that of cancer. Tong Jiabin, deputy director of the Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, said at the exchange meeting on "Chronic Diseases and Therapy" held in 2013 that sudden cardiac death was caused by sudden heart problems, which often happened without any warning and could happen at any time and any place. Because the rescue time is short (6-9 minutes), 99% patients will eventually lose the chance of rescue. Even if some people are rescued, they may have brain damage due to missing the "golden time" of rescue, and eventually become vegetative. Patients with coronary heart disease, severe ventricular arrhythmia and people with low cardiac ejection fraction should be especially careful of sudden death.

(Source: Guangzhou Daily)

Grasp gold for 4 minutes

Liu Cunyi, vice president of Beijing 999 Emergency Center, said in an interview with Beijing Morning Post that four minutes after sudden death is the best time for rescue, which is also known as the "golden four minutes" for rescue. During this time, if effective hands-on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is given to the patient, the patient’s life is very likely to be saved. According to the 2010 international CPR guidelines, the survival rate of those who are successfully rescued within 4 minutes can reach 32%. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has been recognized as the first life-saving technique in the world.

Liu Cunyi pointed out that the current average emergency response time in China is difficult to reach 4 minutes. Taking Beijing as an example, in the absence of traffic jams, the average emergency response time is about 16 to 17 minutes at the earliest. In this case, if you master some first aid skills such as CPR, you can seize the best rescue opportunity and save the patient’s life before the arrival of professional medical staff.

How to scientifically give first aid when sudden cardiac death occurs? Liu Cunyi said that in the first minute after the patient fell to the ground, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is not the most important thing, but defibrillation. The first thing that may happen to patients with sudden death is ventricular fibrillation. At this time, if defibrillation can be effective, there is no need to do cardiopulmonary resuscitation. If you miss this for 1 minute, the patient may stop beating. For defibrillation, the simplest and most effective method is to use a defibrillator. Defibrillator is a portable medical device, which can diagnose specific arrhythmia and give electric shock defibrillation. It is a medical device used to rescue patients with sudden cardiac death. Li Guoqiang, chief physician of the Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, said in an interview with Guangzhou Daily that the use of the self-help defibrillator is very simple, and non-medical personnel can use it after 20 minutes of training. (Li Lu)

　　How much is a gram of gold in 2019? How much is a gram of gold now? Gold net provides you with the latest gold price inquiry.

　　

　　How much is a gram of gold in 2019? How much is a gram of gold now?

　　Take gold T+D, gold 99.99, gold 99.95 and 100g gold bars of Shanghai Gold Exchange as examples:

　　1. In 2019, the gold T+D of Shanghai Gold Exchange opened at 284.78 yuan/gram. Since 2019, the gold T+D of Shanghai Gold Exchange has fluctuated between 279-293 yuan/gram, with the highest rising to 292.95 yuan/gram and the lowest to 279.01 yuan/gram. As of press time, at midday in the Asian market on Tuesday (March 12), Beijing time, the gold T+D of Shanghai Gold Exchange is now reported at 283.02 yuan/gram, down 0.09% in the day.

　　2. In 2019, the gold price of Shanghai Gold Exchange was 99.99 yuan/gram. Since 2019, the gold 99.99 of Shanghai Gold Exchange has fluctuated between 278-294 yuan/gram, with the highest rising to 293.80 yuan/gram and the lowest to 278.00 yuan/gram. As of press time, at midday in the Asian market on Tuesday (March 12th), Beijing time, gold 99.99 on the Shanghai Gold Exchange is now reported at 283.27 yuan/gram, with an increase of 0.09% in the day.

　　3. In 2019, the gold price of Shanghai Gold Exchange was 99.99 yuan/gram. Since 2019, the gold 99.99 of Shanghai Gold Exchange has fluctuated between 278-293 yuan/gram, with the highest rising to 292.50 yuan/gram and the lowest to 279.30 yuan/gram. As of press time, at midday in the Asian market on Tuesday (March 12th), Beijing time, the price of gold 99.99 on the Shanghai Gold Exchange is now 283.00 yuan/gram, down 0.18% in the day.

　　The latest price of 4.100g gold bars today is 283.50 yuan/gram, down 0.21% in the day.

　　

　　The prices of other gold ornaments are relatively higher because of the need for processing and manual fees. The price of gold manual fee is about 20-50 yuan/gram, and 50- several hundred yuan/piece. Because there are many jewelry brands in the market at present, and the basis of each implementation is different, the manual fees charged are not the same.

　　(Remarks: The above prices are for reference only, please refer to the actual quotation. This article was originally written by Golden Net. If you need to reprint it, please indicate the source. Welcome to Golden Net for more exciting content. )

[car home Nanchong Preferential Promotion Channel] At present, there is a large discount in Nanchong, with the highest discount rate reaching 25,000 yuan, and the lowest starting price has been reduced to 74,900 yuan. If you are interested in this model, you may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get a higher discount.

The design of Roewe RX5 is impressive. The front face adopts Roewe family-style Long Lin grille design, which gives the vehicle unique personality and recognition. The details of the air intake grille are exquisite, which makes the whole car look more dynamic. Overall style, Roewe RX5 combines modern and fashionable elements, presenting a concise and atmospheric visual effect. Smooth body lines and dynamic side contours further enhance the sense of movement and strength of the vehicle.

Roewe RX5 has a body size of 4655*1890*1664mm and a wheelbase of 2765 mm. The spacious interior space provides passengers with a comfortable driving experience. The side lines of the car are smooth, with the front tread of 1590mm and the rear tread of 1584mm, which maintains good stability and handling. The tire adopts 215/60 R18 specification, with fashionable rim design, which not only ensures the driving safety, but also enhances the sense of movement of the whole vehicle.

The interior design of Roewe RX5 is modern and comfortable, with a simple and scientific layout. The steering wheel is made of leather material, which feels good and supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth to meet the needs of different drivers. The 12.3-inch central control screen not only displays clearly, but also integrates multimedia system, navigation, telephone, air conditioner and voice recognition control system of sunroof, providing convenient operation experience for drivers. The front and rear rows are equipped with USB interfaces, which is convenient for passengers to connect devices to charge. The seat is made of imitation leather, the main driver’s seat supports front and rear, backrest and height adjustment, and the co-pilot seat also has front and rear and backrest adjustment functions. In addition, the rear seats support the proportional tilting, which further improves the practicability of the vehicle.

Roewe RX5 is equipped with a 1.5t L4 engine with 188 horsepower, with a maximum power of 138kW and a maximum torque of 300 N m.. With the 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox, it provides drivers with strong power and smooth shifting experience.

The owner of car home spoke highly of the appearance of Roewe RX5. He thought that the design style of this car was completely new. Although all five colors of the car body were not seen in the exhibition hall, the uniformity and thickness of the paint surface were impressive. The design of the front face and tail is unique, and LED headlights also add a lot of sense of technology to the vehicle. He specifically mentioned that the Roewe RX5′ s front low and rear high design not only improves the stability of the vehicle, but also makes users who like handsome style fondle it.

[Autohome Fuyang Discount Promotion Channel] Good news continues! In Fuyang, a dynamic city, it is attracting the attention of many consumers with its excellent quality and excellent performance. What is exciting is that the Cadillac XT5 is currently undergoing an unprecedented promotion, with the highest discount rate reaching an amazing 130,000, making the original high-end model more cost-effective in an instant. The starting price has been adjusted to the 242,700 of the people, which undoubtedly brings great opportunities for Fuyang consumers who are eager to have a luxury experience. If you are interested in the Cadillac XT5, be sure to click the quotation form "Check the car price" below to seize this rare discount moment and strive to achieve greater savings in the car purchase process.

The exterior design of the Cadillac XT5 highlights its sense of luxury and power. The front face adopts a family design language, and the iconic shield-shaped air intake grille is exquisitely chrome for added layers and visual impact. The body lines are smooth, and the overall style is both sporty and stable. It shows the elegant sports aesthetic, whether it is the side profile or the tail design, it shows the unique charm of the XT5.

The Cadillac XT5 presents elegant and dynamic side lines, with a body size of 4813mm*1903mm*1682mm and a wheelbase of 2857mm, providing a spacious interior. The front and rear tracks are 1645mm, ensuring stability and handling. The tire specification adopts 235/65 R18, and the combination of tires and rims is exquisite and practical, creating a stylish appearance of this luxury SUV.

The interior design of the Cadillac XT5 highlights the perfect blend of luxury and technology. The exquisite leather-wrapped steering wheel provides a comfortable grip and supports manual up-down and front-to-back adjustment so that the driver can find the best driving position. The 8-inch central control screen visually displays information and integrates multimedia systems, navigation, phone and air conditioning controls to meet the needs of daily operation. The seat materials include imitation leather and genuine leather, which is both textured and comfortable. The main and passenger seats are equipped with 4-way adjustment functions, including front and rear, backrest, high and low and waist support. The front seats are also equipped with an additional heating function. The memory function of the electric seat allows the driver to easily set personalized settings, while the second row of seats supports front-rear and back adjustment, and the rear seat supports proportional reclining, providing flexible space utilization for passengers and items.

The Cadillac XT5 is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine capable of bursting out 237 horsepower and a maximum torque of 350 N. m. This engine is matched with a high-efficiency 9-speed automatic transmission, providing drivers with smooth power output and driving pleasure.

Overall, the Autohome owner’s evaluation of the Cadillac XT5 is comprehensive and in-depth. He specifically mentioned that although the vehicle’s low chassis design sometimes brings some wind noise, overall, the XT5 achieves a good sound insulation effect through careful tuning, which undoubtedly enhances the driving comfort and tranquility. In addition, the luxurious atmosphere of the exterior design has also won his admiration, allowing people to see its extraordinary quality at a glance. As a luxury SUV, the Cadillac XT5 has undoubtedly won the owner’s favor with its unique design and practical performance.

Welcome to the Autohome Changzhou promotion channel to provide users with the latest car market trends. At present, we bring you exciting news – the high-profile luxury SUV is being unveiled in the region with amazing discounts. In the bustling city of Changzhou, the distinguished Volvo XC90 owners can enjoy a car purchase discount of up to 174,900 yuan. Surprisingly, the starting price is already as low as 472,000 yuan. This price reduction undoubtedly brings real benefits to car buyers. If you are interested in the Volvo XC90, don’t miss this rare opportunity to click on the "Check Car Price" in the quotation form and let’s explore a more competitive car purchase price, so that you can enjoy luxury while saving on car purchase costs.

Appearance introduction:

The Volvo XC90 presents an elegant and powerful look with its unique Scandinavian design aesthetic. On the front face, the iconic Quake LED daytime running lights come into view, showing a sharp and technological visual impact. The intake grille is made of chrome material, which is delicate and yet elegant. It blends perfectly with the body lines, showing the exquisite craftsmanship of a luxury SUV. Overall, the XC90 is integrated into the essence of Scandinavian design, and the simple outline and detail treatment reflect Volvo’s insistence on quality and functionality.

The Volvo XC90 features a robust profile with elegant body lines. Its slender body size is 4953mm x 1958mm x 1778mm, and the wheelbase is up to 2984mm, ensuring a spacious interior. In terms of tire specifications, it is equipped with 275/45 R20 tires, which not only provides excellent grip, but also complements the rim design, showing a perfect blend of sports and luxury. Whether viewed from the side or actually driven, the XC90 exudes a unique design aesthetic.

In terms of interior design, the Volvo XC90 is dominated by a simple and luxurious design concept, creating an elegant interior atmosphere. With a refined leather steering wheel, it has outstanding texture and supports manual up and down + front and rear adjustment to ensure the driver’s comfortable control. The 9-inch central control screen functions as an information and entertainment center, integrating multimedia systems, navigation, telephone and air conditioning control functions, which is convenient for users to operate. The seats are made of high-grade leather material, and the seats are rich in functions, including front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, high and low adjustment, and waist support, providing passengers with an excellent riding experience. The main driver’s seat is also equipped with a power seat memory function, which enhances the convenience of personalized settings for the driver. The rear seats support proportional reclining, providing flexible space utilization. The overall interior design is both practical and tasteful, fully reflecting the Volvo brand’s pursuit of detail and comfort.

For the Volvo XC90, it is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine with a maximum power of 184 kW, providing abundant power to the vehicle. Its maximum torque is 350 Nm, and with an 8-speed automatic transmission, it ensures a smooth and efficient driving experience. This engine is an ideal choice for owners who meet their daily driving needs and pursue dynamic performance.

Overall, the Volvo XC90 has won high praise from car owners for its unique design and excellent interior. The appearance and luxury interior he mentioned undoubtedly add endless pride to the driver. For those who pursue quality and style, this XC90 is undoubtedly the ideal choice, highlighting the owner’s pursuit of the perfect balance of luxury and practicality.