How do individuals do e-commerce? More and more people want to join the army of e-commerce, but for inexperienced people, how can individuals start to do e-commerce?

First of all, you can try to analyze how e-commerce operates to make money.

Who do you sell your products to and what is the use? Where is the competitive advantage?

Who do you sell your products to?

For example, a home textile seller, whose products are sold to housewives aged around 28 to 35, must be people who have requirements for quality, have consumption power and pay attention to quality of life.

The four-piece set of 119 in the market is not what this group of people want, and the four-piece set with non-mainstream personalized printing in the market is not what this group of people want.

Simple and elegant, mature and steady, and the price is above average, which is their positioning.

When the products in your store meet the multi-dimensional needs of a certain target group, this is the perfect audience analysis.

First of all, it is necessary to determine which products are competing products, that is, products that can directly take away your customers, and all of them can be your competitors.

Will a customer who buys a four-piece set of 399 yuan buy a four-piece set of 150 yuan just for cheap? I don’t think so Bedding is so close to the skin that women with a little spending power will not ignore the quality of bedding.

Then 150 yuan’s four-piece suit is not a competing product of your 399-yuan four-piece suit. You don’t need to pay too much attention, but you should also pay attention to it. It can be regarded as a potential competitor.

What information should be analyzed after the competing products are determined?

Traffic structure, how much is search traffic, how much is personalized traffic given by platform pages, how much is advertising, and how much is PC wireless. The flow structure of different categories has different characteristics.

The proportion of search traffic and old customers’ return visits is extremely high, such as clothing, and many low-priced explosive advertisements account for a very high proportion, which is very fierce. Analyzing the traffic structure can help you determine which traffic channels are the easiest to upgrade and win. This way, if you take the money, you will know where to spend it for promotion and.

Daily sales, 7-day sales, and 30-day sales are ups and downs, and how much is the ups and downs? Re-analysis, under such a sales trend, is the search traffic going up or down, and what is the increase or decrease? Sales volume is always one of the great weights that affect search. To be exact, it should be that the sales trend is well created and the traffic naturally increases rapidly.

Analyze the shops with better peer search resources, what is the sales model, find ways to create a sales growth model through promotion, advertising and activities, and analyze the traffic and sales data, so as to make an explosion plan for yourself in the future.

How much is the product priced, how much is the cost, and how much is the advertising cost of packaging express deduction? Do you make money?

Avoid choosing a category that is burning money hard on the whole platform and squeeze into the larger foe. In the end, everyone will suffer.

If an individual opens a shop, it is recommended to choose Taobao first. After all, Taobao has a large flow and a low threshold. Of course, Pinduoduo is also a good choice. Pinduoduo has been growing in recent years, and many elderly aunts are using it. However, the punishment in Pinduoduo is rather severe. If you violate the rules, you will be fined easily. I suggest that you must understand the operating rules of Pinduoduo before you start to do Pinduoduo.

If an individual is an e-commerce, it is suggested that you can make a consignment, and you don’t have to contact the courier company yourself, which can save us the procedure of contacting the courier company, and thus you don’t have to stock up on your own, which can save the cost of purchasing goods. At the same time, the supplier will also provide us with the taken pictures, and we don’t need to process the pictures ourselves. This mode is very suitable for individuals to do.

If you are an artist, you can do your own decoration. If you don’t know this knowledge, you can spend some money to ask others to do it. The decoration of the storefront is very important. What products we sell and the decoration style should be in line with the industry.

First of all, we should know the basic operations of the store, such as delivery, leaving messages for customers, uploading products, etc. Secondly, it is easier to rank by choosing words with little keyword competition coefficient. You can use some tools, such as taobao index, manual search drop-down box and business staff, and you should know how to use these tools yourself. Finally, it is the publicity of the store, which is a university question. Many people have been doing Taobao for more than ten years and dare not say that they have learned it all. You can’t learn how to drive a through train and how to be a taobao guest in a day or two. You can explore and learn by yourself.

No matter before or after sale, we should be enthusiastic about service, actively introduce product functions, answer customers’ questions, and take the initiative to find solutions to problems after sale, so as to make customers feel that our service is good and our attitude is positive.

How do individuals do e-commerce? The above is the method of doing e-commerce with zero experience. It analyzes the operation of e-commerce and how to do it in all aspects, hoping to help everyone.

(Source: Cross-border Younger)

Editor’s note:September 1st is the National Healthy Lifestyle Action Day. With the improvement of living standards, people pay more and more attention to a healthy lifestyle. What kind of lifestyle is healthy? On the occasion of the National Healthy Lifestyle Action Day, let’s have a good talk with you!

[diet]

A lifetime diet plan! Eat green vegetables at 40 and yellow food at 50.

Every age group has different needs for nutrition. Although they are all based on nutritional balance, they should be slightly focused.

▲ Eat less processed food at the age of 20.

At the age of 20, the body function is active and the metabolic rate is faster, so the energy intake is correspondingly higher. However, make sure you get your energy from nutritious foods, such as whole grains, vegetables, fruits, eggs and beans, and don’t rely too much on processed foods.

When your body is active, you need not only more energy, but also important nutrients that can help convert calories into energy. These important nutrients include B vitamins, which are found in oats, lean meat, most kinds of vegetables, milk and other foods.

▲30-year-old eats vegetables and protects skin.

At the age of 30, the pressure of life is increasing. Eating some whole grains and protein-rich foods every meal, avoiding junk food, will help to relieve stress and balance blood sugar. And continue to supplement B vitamins.

Wrinkles usually begin to appear at this stage, so you should eat more fruits and vegetables to increase your body’s antioxidant capacity. Colorful fruits and vegetables are the best way. Eat more orange, red and purple foods, such as sweet potatoes, carrots and purple cabbage.

▲ Eat more green vegetables at the age of 40 to protect the liver.

At this age, the pressure of life and work is relatively high, and when the pressure increases, the level of magnesium in the human body will decrease. You can supplement magnesium by eating a lot of green leafy vegetables or dietary supplements, which can help relax muscles, improve sleep and balance hormones.

From the age of 40, we began to feel the change of age obviously. The joints began to ache and wrinkles began to increase. Taking a lot of nutrients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects from colorful vegetables can help delay the appearance of the above symptoms.

▲ Eat more yellow food at the age of 50.

Usually, heart health problems are easy to stand out at this age. It is suggested that people of this age should do more regular exercise, be alert to the intake of salt in the diet, and eat a lot of vegetables and fruits to absorb dietary fiber and antioxidants, which is particularly important for protecting heart health.

In the decade from 40 to 50, you may have obvious vision loss. Lutein is concentrated in the macula of retina, which can help protect eyes. In order to slow down this change, you can eat more foods rich in lutein, such as spinach, cabbage, cauliflower, yellow pepper, pumpkin, high-quality eggs and milk.

At the age of 50, the traces of time began to show clearly on the skin. Therefore, we have another reason to eat a lot of orange, yellow and green vegetables. These foods provide a lot of carotenoids that can effectively fight skin damage. [detailed]

Reasonable diet and balanced nutrition

Reasonable diet is one of the four cornerstones of health and the foundation of health care.

▲ Physical health and nutrition complement each other

Traditional Chinese medicine attaches great importance to the relationship between diet and health care, and believes that a proper diet is the basis for living and prolonging life. A balanced diet guarantees the human body’s nutritional needs and healthy life to the greatest extent. Human foods are diverse, and the nutritional components contained in various foods are not exactly the same. Therefore, a variety of foods are needed to meet the various nutritional needs of the human body and achieve the purpose of reasonable nutrition and health promotion. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the human body has different constitutions, and all foods also have the characteristics of warmth, coolness, moistening, dryness, tonic and diarrhea. In the choice of food, attention should be paid to the suitability of the human body’s constitutional attributes. The so-called "those who are suitable for health care, those who are not suitable for health care".

▲ "Potato" is my first.

Potatoes include potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, etc. Potatoes contain a lot of vitamins and have the effect of tonifying strength. The best way to eat is steaming. On this basis, you can add some tricks, such as baking sweet potatoes with cheese. Especially suitable for qi deficiency, lack of vitality, often feel tired, short of breath, spontaneous sweating and so on.

▲ Excellence in "Valley"

Cereals include rice, flour and miscellaneous grains. Millet enters the spleen, stomach and kidney meridians, which can strengthen the spleen and stomach, nourish yin and nourish blood. It is best to drink a bowl of millet porridge every morning. It is especially suitable for people with peaceful constitution, harmonious yin and yang, qi and blood, moderate posture, rosy complexion and full of energy.

▲ Blood "meat" is affectionate.

Animal foods include livestock, poultry and fish. Turtle can strengthen yang and tonify yin deficiency, and it can be made into Lycium barbarum Shayuan turtle soup, which is drunk twice a month, especially for people with yin deficiency constitution, such as thin body, dry mouth and dry throat; Mutton is rich in protein. Chinese medicine believes that it can tonify kidney and strengthen yang, warm the middle and dispel cold, especially suitable for people with yang deficiency, insufficient yang, tepid hands and feet, fear of cold and fear of cold, and people with yang deficiency can drink mutton tofu soup once a week; Donkey meat, "Rihuazi Materia Medica" pointed out: "Donkey meat can relieve anxiety and stop wind madness." It is a good product to improve qi stagnation. You can eat lobster sauce donkey meat once a week, especially for people with qi stagnation, qi stagnation, depression and worry about fragility. [detailed]

[Sports]

Science has proved that running can prolong life.

According to the French magazine "Ms. Figaro", the latest research in the United States shows that every hour of running can prolong life by 7 hours.

The latest research shows that running is the best way to prolong life. At the end of March, the journal Progress in Cardiovascular Disease published a study by researchers from the University of Iowa. The study shows that even if you smoke and drink occasionally, the average life expectancy of people who run regularly is three years longer than that of people who don’t run. [detailed]

"Walk a hundred steps after a meal and live ninety-nine" is accused of being unreliable.

People often say that "you can live ninety-nine if you walk a hundred steps after a meal." In modern society, the pressure of work during the day is great, and walking after meals has become a "standard" in many people’s lives. However, Qian Popo of Wuhan Evergreen Garden went out for a walk not long ago and suddenly fainted.

Expert’s comment: Walking slowly after a meal is good for health, and walking fast is easy to hurt digestive function. Especially for the elderly suffering from coronary heart disease, hypertension and other diseases, don’t go quickly after meals, otherwise it will increase the heart load, make the blood supply to the heart and brain insufficient, and cause dizziness, dizziness, fatigue, numbness and other symptoms. [detailed]

A brisk walk of 6,000 steps is enough.

Walking is the most affordable way of health care. A few days ago, researchers at Stanford University in the United States analyzed the activity level of residents in 46 countries and regions around the world based on the number of walking steps per day. The results show that Hong Kong, China and Chinese mainland are the top two favorite places to go.

Lu Yuanzhen, a professor of sports sociology at South China Normal University, said that in order to be healthy, 10,000 steps should be taken every day, but this 10,000 steps should also be considered according to the situation. If you walk slowly, including sporadic walking every day, 10,000 steps of exercise is acceptable, but if you choose to walk quickly, 6,000 steps a day is enough. [detailed]

[Life routine]

"Don’t eat after noon" regimen is very harmful! Gastrointestinal damage is particularly serious.

"Don’t eat after noon, especially at night!" In the eyes of many people who love "keeping in good health", this statement is deeply rooted in people’s hearts, but this practice is really out of the question for cheat people.

Recently, it was reported that a 29-year-old man insisted on not eating dinner for five years, resulting in two large ulcers in his stomach.

The saying "no food after noon" comes from Buddhism, "no food after noon, less appetite, can reduce the desire of men and women; Can get a light body and mind, let the stomach get a proper rest … ",for monks, after each meal, they mainly meditate and practice, which consumes less calories. For those of us who have to walk thousands of steps every day and whose brains need to run rapidly, it is really unscientific to stop eating after lunch. [detailed]

Meridian sleep health? It’s dangerous for three kinds of people to take a nap!

According to the health preserving theory of TCM, "meridian sleep" is a good way of health preserving, and "noon" is the time when the body’s menstrual qi "unites yang", which is beneficial to nourishing yang. However, recently, some German scholars pointed out that taking a nap in three groups of people who are overweight by 20%, have low blood pressure and have serious obstacles in the blood circulation system has disadvantages rather than advantages.

"This is not unexpected." Chief physician Zhang Ming, a cardiovascular expert at Nanjing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, said. The key to taking a nap is to find the right rest time for different people. For overweight people, taking a nap can easily aggravate obesity, so you might as well sleep for 20 ~ 30 minutes before lunch instead.

For people with low blood pressure, when taking a nap, the blood flow is slow, and the blood with high viscosity is easy to form thrombus on the blood vessel wall, which may induce the risk of stroke. Patients with low blood pressure should not take a long nap, and it is best to take half an hour. [detailed]

The length of life is not because of aging and illness, but depends on it!

Don’t stay up late, go to bed before 11: 00 at night. Get up at 7: 00 in the morning. Take a nap for half an hour at noon.

The emperor’s breakfast, the minister’s Chinese food and the beggar’s dinner.

According to the advocacy of many health experts, it should be: have a full breakfast, have a good lunch and eat less dinner. But in reality, many white-collar workers and workers just skip breakfast, make do with lunch and have a full dinner.

It is easy to get cholecystitis if you don’t eat breakfast for a long time, and it is easy to get stomach trouble if you don’t eat lunch on time. No picky eaters, no smoking, no drinking. Be sure to eat more vegetables at every meal. [detailed]

【 Precautions 】

Want to live a long life, remember the six "micro" of health

Recently, scientists have suggested that being slightly fat (10% slightly overweight), slightly cool (about 20 degrees), slightly hungry, slightly sweaty, slightly stupid and smiling are easy to live a long and healthy life. Reasonable diet is an important part of health management, which should not only pay attention to nutrition, but also prevent overnutrition. At the same time, we should also pay attention to how to clean up free radicals in the body. The main measures are: mastering the dietary balance, controlling the total amount, living within our means, and not being partial to food or overeating according to our own hobbies. [detailed]

Are you still wiping your face with this towel? Really sweat for you.

Towel is a three-dimensional fiber fabric with terry. Frequent use will make the terry layer remain dirty and difficult to clean.

People’s Hospital of Peking University once conducted an experiment: new towels, towels that have been used for 3 months and towels that have been used for more than 6 months were cultured separately. It was found that the colonies of new towels were about 100 orders of magnitude per square centimeter, and those of towels that were used for 3 months were about 10,000 orders of magnitude, while those that were used for 6 months were almost full of colonies, about 1 million orders of magnitude.

Therefore, it is recommended to change towels in two to three months. [detailed]

Does the bowl soak or not? Bacteria will grow wild.

Modern families are mainly small families with three or four people, and many families only cook once a day, so sometimes, when they are lazy, they like to soak the bowl first and save two meals to wash. In this process, bacteria began to breed constantly, causing harm to family members. It is suggested that used bowls and chopsticks should not be soaked in the basin for too long, and should be cleaned within 4 hours. [detailed]

On April 28th, the reporter learned from the Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance that in order to implement the work arrangements of the central government, the provincial party committee and the provincial government on promoting the trade-in of consumer goods and accelerate the trade-in of consumer goods during the May 1st consumption season, the provincial finance recently arranged 370 million yuan to support the "trade-in" consumer vouchers in Guangdong in 2024. It is reported that this fund is used for the joint efforts of provinces and cities to issue "trade-in" coupons. The province guides local cities to focus on industries and products such as home appliances and automobiles, and issues coupons for "trade-in" and "replacement and renewal" of home appliances. The subsidy standard for "trade-in" coupons in the province is unified. At the same time, cities are encouraged to combine industries and markets, innovate the "cash+coupons" model, and government and enterprises will make profits by overlapping. Among them, regarding the "old-for-new" household appliances, during the activity, the government will give consumers a certain percentage of subsidies for selling old household appliances and buying green, smart and low-carbon 17 types of household appliances and mobile phone electronic products. Regarding the "trade-in" of automobiles, during the activity, consumers will be given the subsidy of "replacement and renewal" coupons according to the price of newly purchased vehicles when they transfer their own vehicles in Guangdong and buy new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles that meet the national six emission standards. Trade-in campaign for consumer goods in Guangdong Province started 17 kinds of household appliances to participate in the activities, including air conditioners (including central air conditioners), refrigerators (including freezers) and washing machines (including dryers)., TV sets, water heaters (including wall-hung boilers), range hoods, gas stoves (including integrated stoves), dishwashers, floor sweepers, printers, air purifiers, microwave ovens (including all-in-one machines), induction cookers, rice cookers, electric fans, water purifiers and microcomputers (including desktop and portable computers) On April 28th, 2024, Guangdong Consumer Goods Trade-in Campaign and "Home 50" It is reported that this activity is based on the theme of "Trade-in the old and enjoy the consumption in Guangdong", and focuses on key areas such as automobiles, home appliances, home improvement and kitchen and bathroom, relying on the trade-in action of consumer goods in the province. Trade-in of consumer goods will run through the whole year, and the "Home 520" shopping season (promoting consumption in summer) will last until the end of June. Regarding the subsidy for the "scrapping and updating" of automobiles, individual consumers will scrap fuel passenger cars with national emission standards of Grade III and below or new energy passenger cars registered before April 30, 2018 (including the same day, the same below), and purchase new energy passenger cars or fuel passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters and below that are included in the Catalogue of New Energy Vehicles with Vehicle Purchase Tax Exemption by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Among them, for scrapping the above two types of used cars and buying new energy passenger cars, the subsidy is 10,000 yuan; For scrapping fuel passenger cars with national emission standards of Grade III and below and buying fuel passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters and below, the subsidy is 7,000 yuan. Among them, automobile "replacement and renewal" coupons are issued, which is helpful for individual consumers to transfer their own vehicles in Guangdong.And in Guangdong, new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles that meet the national six emission standards will be purchased, and a one-time car purchase coupon subsidy will be issued (see the right table for the specific subsidy amount). On the issue of "trade-in" vouchers for household appliances, individual consumers are given vouchers to sell any old household appliances and buy 17 kinds of green smart low-carbon household appliances and mobile phone electronic products that meet the requirements. The subsidy standard is: no more than 10% of the sales price of newly purchased household appliances, no more than 500 yuan for each household appliance (or single coupon), and no more than 2,000 yuan for a single consumer. As for the schedule of activities, from May 1st to December 31st, the whole province will carry out the activities in rounds. The first round of activities will start from May 1st to August 31st, and the second round will be launched during the year depending on the situation. The activities are organized by the Guangdong Provincial Department of Commerce in a unified way, with local cities as the main body, and the provincial finance gives support to local cities. According to the unified arrangement of the whole province, Guangzhou, Foshan, Shaoguan, Jiangmen and Shanwei have started the trade-in activities of consumer goods. It is reported that this activity also organized enterprises in the financial, automobile, home appliances and home improvement industries to come up with preferential measures. Major banking institutions will invest hundreds of millions of yuan in promotional expenses and launch financial services with their own characteristics, such as zero down payment and interest-free installment. Guangzhou Releases Operational Guidelines for Subsidies for Car Scrapping and Replacement Buying New Cars. The maximum subsidy for replacement buying new cars is 8,000 yuan. On April 28th, the reporter was informed that "Operational Guidelines for Guangzhou to Declare Subsidies for Car Scrapping and Replacement Buying New Cars in 2024" (hereinafter referred to as "Guidelines")"Operational Guidelines"), the goal is to encourage consumers to replace old cars with new ones through scrapping and replacement, to promote the echelon consumption and renewal consumption of cars in Guangzhou, to optimize the automobile industry structure and promote the green and intelligent development of the automobile industry. It is reported that this subsidy activity is divided into "scrapping old cars for new ones" and "replacing and updating old cars". The operation guide shows that the activity time of old car replacement and renewal is: from May 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024, the subsidized model is a passenger car; Replacing an old car refers to the replacement of a passenger car registered in Guangzhou before December 31, 2023 by an individual. The new car is an unregistered passenger car, and from April 29 to December 31, 2024, new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles meeting the national six emission standards were purchased in enterprises registered according to law and engaged in automobile sales and operation in Guangzhou. At the same time, the "Implementation Plan" requires that the registration of the use nature of new and old passenger cars must be "non-operating", which does not include police, fire fighting, ambulance, engineering rescue, shifting from business to non-business, renting to non-business, and booking for renting to non-business. In addition, the old car owner, the new car owner and the subsidy applicant under the personal name of the consumer must be the same person. As for the subsidy standards that consumers care about, the operating guidelines show that the subsidy standards for "replacement and renewal of consumer vouchers" for automobiles are divided into three grades. Specifically, according to the tax-included price of the new car "Uniform Invoice for Motor Vehicle Sales" purchased by individual consumers, subsidies will be provided in three grades. The first gear: the car purchase price is 70,000 yuan (inclusive) to 150,000 yuan (exclusive).Yes, the subsidy for purchasing new energy vehicles is 3,000 yuan/vehicle, and the subsidy for fuel vehicles is 2,000 yuan/vehicle; The second gear: if the car purchase price is 150,000 yuan (inclusive) to 250,000 yuan (exclusive), the subsidy for new energy vehicles is 5,000 yuan/vehicle, and the subsidy for fuel vehicles is 4,000 yuan/vehicle; The third gear: if the car purchase price is more than 250,000 yuan (inclusive), the subsidy for new energy vehicles is 8,000 yuan/vehicle, and the subsidy for fuel vehicles is 7,000 yuan/vehicle. Specifically, the tax-included price of the new car "Uniform Invoice for Motor Vehicle Sales" purchased by individual consumers shall prevail, and subsidies shall be provided in three grades. Among them, new energy vehicles are subsidized by 1000 yuan more than fuel vehicles, and new energy vehicles are encouraged to update their consumption.

　　　　Bubble net Information Channel always lacks creativity in life on July 20th. Ten creative products to be introduced next have been listed. Use these products to make your life more fun and convenient!

　　　 10. Special umbrella for haircut

　　　 Although the barber will carefully wrap your clothes every time you cut your hair, there are always some small pieces of hair in your clothes. This design can not only avoid such troubles, but also put away the cut hair, avoiding the embarrassing situation that many barbershops have hair all over the floor.

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　　　 9. sunshade hand

　　　 If you walk outside in summer without an umbrella, you should always use your own hands to keep out the sun. Now with this hand that can shade the sun, your hand can be liberated. At the same time, you don’t have to worry about the pain of your arm for too long.

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　　　 8. Bread gloves

　　　 This glove is a must-have product for lazy people to make sandwiches. Just grab a little sausage or other side dishes with this glove and it will be a finished sandwich. Of course, remember not to bite your hand, and remember to wash your hands before eating.

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　　　 7. scanner sofa

　　　 This product can be used as a stool and a scanner. If you are bored, you can scan your sitting posture as shown in the picture.

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　　　 6.Family Blankeez

　　　 This dress is a necessary product for a loving family. Just looking at the happy family on the product packaging box makes me feel very warm.

　　　 5. Picnic pants

　　　 Many friends will worry about clothes when they go on a picnic. It is easy to get naked in skirts and uncomfortable to sit on the floor in pants. And this pair of picnic pants is specially designed for this situation. And it looks very cool, depending on whether you dare to wear it out.

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　　　 4. Automobile exhaust barbecue grill

　　　 This product allows you to finish the barbecue while driving, so that you can get off the bus and start a picnic directly. With the picnic pants introduced above, it can be said that it is an essential weapon for a picnic. But the taste is really worrying. However, I believe this product should be equipped with filtering equipment to make you eat environmentally friendly and healthy.

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　　　 3. Pet camera

　　　 Seeing this product, Xiao Bian remembered a joke he had seen before. When visiting Weibo, a netizen saw someone from abroad tying his iPhone to the dog’s body to take a video, and filmed his day’s activities from the puppy’s perspective, and made a video and put it on the Internet. Netizens feel very novel and fun, so they also follow the example of foreign netizens and tie their iPhone to their kittens. As a result, the kitten came back at night, but the iPhone was gone. This is just a joke, but with this pet camera, there will be no such worry. It can shoot 360 degrees from all angles, not to mention video and photography. Do you want to know about a pet’s day? This product can tell you the answer.

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　　　 2.USB toaster

　　　 This product is simple and easy to use, and you can easily eat toast by plugging in USB.

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　　　 1. Apple Accessories iArm

　　　 It is always difficult to grow an extra hand when you are busy, and iArm is an extra hand. You can stick your mobile phone, tablet computer, remote control and even dinner plate to your arm. Not only that, it is hot in summer, and you can also put a small fan on your arm to bring a different kind of coolness. The price of this product is 8 dollars. ■

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　　　 ● Daily technology cool play Weibo: http://t.sina.com.cn/kjkw

　　　 ● More information can be found at: http://news.pcpop.com.

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??? Foreign media said that year after year, generation after generation, Apple’s latest product launch always attracts a large number of loyal fans. On September 16 this year, the "fruit powder" all over the world greeted the listing of iPhone 7 with expectation, patience and long queues.

　　Effie reported on September 16th that iPhone 7 has a more professional camera, longer battery life and waterproof function, and can also be paired with wireless headphones. Attracted by these innovations, Apple retail stores in new york, Sydney, Tokyo and Madrid welcomed the first batch of "fruit powder" with a large number of people. In front of the Apple retail store in Los Angeles, people lined up early, waiting to open the door at 8 am to buy the iPhone 7.

　　Although there are many people, the team is orderly. People also prepared books, coffee, food, folding chairs and mobile phones to pass the time. At the same time, some people try to bargain with the people in front, just to buy their good seats. Employees of Apple’s retail stores told the long queue of "fruit powder" that the iPhone 7 Plus and iPhone 7 of "Piano Black" were not sold in any physical store that day due to the high online booking volume.

　　IPhone 7 will land in 25 countries and regions around the world today, and a new smart watch, the second generation Apple Watch, will also be unveiled. In Sydney, Australia, about 200 "fruit fans" lined up in front of Apple retail stores two days in advance. There are also hundreds of "fruit powders" gathered in front of the apple store in Tokyo, Japan. A Japanese "fruit powder" who is queuing told reporters that he started queuing two days ago. Similar pomps also took place in Beijing, China and Madrid.

　　However, there are also some fake "fruit powders" in the long queue. They seek profits by reselling mobile phones or replacing queues. The popularity of Apple mobile phones by "fruit powder" has even spawned some small companies instead of queuing in new york.

　　The price of iPhone 7 ranges from $649 to $849, while the price of iPhone 7 Plus ranges from $769 to $969.

　　Effie reported on September 16th that the latest Apple mobile phone was launched in China market on September 16th. Apple retail stores are overcrowded, some models have been sold out, and some people even blatantly resell mobile phones.

　　Although only pre-booked "fruit powder" can buy mobile phones in physical stores, there is still a long queue in front of Apple retail stores.

　　The Apple retail store in Sanlitun, Beijing, was full on September 16th. In addition to the "fruit powder" that came to buy mobile phones, there are many interested customers who gathered around the display stage to see the true content of iPhone 7.

　　The "piano black" iPhone 7 is the most popular, and even the "scalper" who sells mobile phones at the door of Apple retail stores is hard to find. The price offered by "Yellow Cattle" is much higher than the official selling price, even reaching 10,000 RMB. The official price of "Piano Black" iPhone 7 in China is 6188 yuan, and the official price of the highest configuration of iPhone 7 Plus is 7988 yuan.

　　Beijing, Sept. 29 (Xinhua) According to foreign media reports, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) recently said that the exoplanet detector Tess captured the amazing picture of a black hole "swallowing" a star: a star was attracted by a black hole and was torn by tidal interference.

Image source: Video screenshot released by NASA official website on September 26th, 2019, local time.

　　Astronomers at NASA pointed out that it is extremely rare to observe the process of stars being pulled to pieces, and this "star tidal damage" will only happen once every 10,000 to 100,000 years. The event was named "ASASSN-19bt".

　　According to the observation report released by NASA, the exoplanet detector Tess launched by NASA has been running for more than one year, and its task is to investigate whether there are planets in the stars within 300 light years near the earth.

　　It is reported that Tess first observed the phenomenon of "star tidal destruction" on January 21st. However, since the satellite only sends data to the Earth once every two weeks, and the received data must be processed at the Ames Research Center of NASA in Silicon Valley, California, it was not until March 13th that the first data sent back by Tess was obtained.

　　Astronomers believe that the black hole that triggered the "ASASSN-19bt" event is 6 million times the mass of the sun. It is located in the center of a galaxy named 2MASX J07001137-6602251, 375 million light years away from the earth. The torn star may be similar in size to the sun.

　　Boyd, a NASA scientist, said that this time, not only can the whole process be observed for a long time at the beginning of the phenomenon, but it is really lucky, and it is also very helpful for scientists to understand various outbreaks in the universe.

　　It is said that the paper describing this discovery was published in the Journal of Astrophysics on September 27th, local time.

How can an ecological disaster become "the most difficult in the world" &mdash; &mdash; The deputies called for not bringing "poisonous" GDP.

Chart: In February, there were frequent smog in many provinces, and the number of smog days in Jiangsu and Henan was the highest since 1961. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zheng Yue compiled

　

Xinhuanet Beijing, March 3 rd, a quarter of the country continues to smog, 90% of groundwater is polluted, and 150 million mu of cultivated land is polluted by heavy metals &hellip; &hellip;

Air, water and soil, the three elements on which human beings depend, are being seriously polluted in China. Who can be immune to the three-dimensional pollution that is becoming a disaster?

According to a survey conducted by Netease, in 2013, the people of the two sessions paid the most attention to environmental protection. The worsening environmental problems have become the focus of attention of delegates who arrived in Beijing to attend the two sessions of the National People’s Congress.

Three-dimensional pollution is worrying, and making money is all for medicine.

On the morning of February 28, PM2.5 got mad again! The sky in Beijing was once again shrouded in severe smog, and the value in many places rose to 400 micrograms per cubic meter.

Are you still going out? According to a survey conducted by Xinhuanet, less than 20% of people voted for "not going out, going out is taking drugs." And 70% of netizens think that "I am used to it all the year round."

Haze, groundwater, "cancer villages" and blood lead poisoning &hellip; &hellip; Intensive pollution has worried the public, and some netizens even dubbed the governance of PM2.5 the new "the first difficulty in the world".

"On the one hand, it is the expectation of clean air and water, and on the other hand, it is the endless disappointment of pollution. &lsquo; Environmental anxiety disorder &rsquo; Behind it is the result of years of ecological deficit and long-term environmental debts. " Zhu Yilong, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese, said.

The number of people affected by severe smog in the country has reached 600 million; 90% of groundwater is polluted; 50% of cultivated land in some cities in South China is polluted by heavy metals &hellip; &hellip; Many deputies are worried about this: "If this development continues, all the money finally earned will be for medicine &lsquo; Pay the bill &rsquo; " !

"We enjoy the convenience brought by the rapid economic development, and we also bear the pain accumulated by the extensive growth mode." Wu Xiaoqing, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and vice minister of environmental protection, said.

Of the 50 most polluted cities in the world, 7 are located in China, and some have occupied this list for a long time. Li Jianbao, deputy to the National People’s Congress and president of Hainan University, suggested that why not make a black GDP ranking list so that these big polluters can always be alert?

"Heavy", "loose" and "light" are the three natural enemies of beautiful China.

The phenomenon that the director of environmental protection was offered a reward by netizens for swimming in the river at a high price was highly concerned by the deputies to the two sessions. "These sewage rivers are not suitable for swimming at all. Behind the irony is the strong dissatisfaction of the people with the living environment." Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Commissioner Wang Shuping hit the nail on the head.

The environment is deteriorating and the survival is threatened. The previous economic development model is unsustainable. Some overseas media commented that such rapid GDP growth is "toxic growth".

The facts cannot be avoided. More than 1,500 small paper mills in the Huaihe River Basin once deprived 120 million people of clean water. To restore the original appearance of Huaihe River, the cost exceeds tens of thousands of times the GDP created by paper mills!

Beautiful scenery is no longer there. Who is the driving force behind "toxic GDP"?

In the view of Zhang Lijun, a former vice minister in charge of pollution prevention and emission reduction of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the biggest pressure of environmental protection comes from the impulse of local governments to blindly pursue GDP.

At the expense of "blood money", "big projects, big projects" have become the economic support of some places. If these projects are industries with high pollution and high energy consumption, the pressure on environmental protection will be even greater.

"Don’t let the project &lsquo; Get on the horse &rsquo; , I will &lsquo; Dismount &rsquo; Yes. " Some grassroots environmental protection directors have unspeakable difficulties.

"The embarrassment of the Director of Environmental Protection lies in, on the one hand &lsquo; Their jobs &rsquo; Being pinched in the hands of local leaders, on the other hand, supervision is weak and law enforcement is not hard. " Commissioner Wang Shuping analyzed.

"Many times, government officials decide to go to the project today and ask for it tomorrow. There is no chance to engage in environmental assessment." Deputy Wang Rusong, a researcher at the Center for Ecological Environment Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said.

"Heavy" structure, "loose" management and "light" punishment are the three natural enemies of "beautiful China". Cai Ling, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and director of the research department of the Central Committee of Democratic National Construction Association, thinks that the cost of abiding by the law is high and the cost of violating the law is low. Compared with the environmental losses, the fine is not worth mentioning.

The Songhua River pollution incident, which shocked China and foreign countries, took a whole year to issue a fine of 1 million yuan.

Behind the red-hot performance of some enterprises, it is conscience that is dyed black. Liu Diansheng, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and vice-president of Shanxi University, cried out, how can environmental protection legislation and enforcement not be hard, which will deter polluting enterprises?

It is urgent to put hard constraints into "a game of chess" governance.

Weibo era makes information spread faster and faster, the public’s "environmental risk perception" becomes more and more sensitive, and the "window time" left for local governments becomes shorter and shorter, and environmental problems are facing multiple tests.

In exchange for "clear water and blue sky", we must make a green transformation. Li Dongdong, a member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, said: "It includes not only the renewal of ideas, but also the change of production and lifestyle."

Breaking through the heavy "fog", leaving no "haze" and changing the old unreasonable model are not only to solve the current breathing pain, but also related to the future of sustainable development.

With the awakening of public rights, environmental awareness and the improvement of public affairs participation, it is urgent to solve environmental problems with a game of chess.

Attentive people have noticed that some changes are taking place quietly &mdash; &mdash; The new vehicle diesel standard is expected to promote the upgrading of oil products, and the special rectification of water environment in key lakes has been launched. It has become people’s conscious action to drive less and not set off fireworks and firecrackers in polluted days.

Only by letting pollution have nowhere to hide can we really promote industrial upgrading and prevent pollution from deteriorating.

Zhou Shengxian, deputy to the National People’s Congress and Minister of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, has repeatedly said that it is "fishing for fish" to focus on environmental protection without economic development, and "fishing for fish without environmental protection".

"The key to pollution control at present is to turn environmental protection investment into &lsquo; Hard constraint &rsquo; " Committee member Wu Xiaoqing believes that China’s economic aggregate is large, but its investment in environmental protection is small, so the proportion of environmental protection investment in GDP should be increased.

China’s official appraisal system is undergoing new changes, and many local governments take the initiative to incorporate ecological indicators into the performance appraisal system.

Member Zhu Yilong proposed that in order to adjust the spatial orientation of functional areas in cities with a population of more than one million in China, the national level should also start to formulate the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Water Pollution Prevention Law and introduce the administrative accountability system.

Li Jianbao and other representatives suggested that the amount of fines should be increased, and "daily fines" should be added, and the upper limit of fines for air pollution should be lifted. Energy-saving and emission reduction should not be done because of goodness. In daily life, every member of society should develop environmentally-friendly living and consumption habits.

People expect that a "beautiful China" with sky blue, green land, clean water and harmonious development between man and nature is no longer far away. ("Xinhua Viewpoint" reporter Gu Ruizhen Hua Yudi Ren Qin Lu Xiaoyu)

Medical Jianghu of original DrX

The development of medicine is intended to benefit mankind, but I don’t know when the progress of medical technology has not only failed to benefit mankind, but has become a burden to many people.

Colleagues in oncology once told me a story. A middle-aged patient found that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) slightly exceeded the reference value during routine physical examination, but the doctor in charge of physical examination didn’t say much, just asked him to consult the oncology department.

When the other party heard that it was an oncology department, they suddenly became nervous. After all, in the face of life and health, no one dared to be careless, especially the fear of cancer of modern people has already surpassed everything.

Fortunately, colleagues in the oncology department have long been accustomed to this, so they patiently explained:

"Although there is a cancer in the carcinoembryonic antigen test, it is indeed related to cancer, but it does not mean that this indicator is abnormal and you must have cancer."

"So to speak, if the index has risen a lot, or many inspections are in a rising state, and it is higher every time, it is necessary to pay attention to it. But an occasional rise like yours is not necessarily a problem. "

In the hospital, patients often want to hear positive answers, but it seems that doctors rarely give positive answers. The same is true for this patient. After listening to the doctor’s words, he thought for a long time and finally expressed his doubts: "You said there may not be a problem, does that mean there may still be a problem?"

Normal people may have been speechless when they heard this question, but doctors have encountered this situation many times, and all they can do is patiently explain. But even if there are more explanations, even if the other person seems to be relieved, we all know that he will fall into anxiety for a long time to come, but whenever there is a little abnormality in his body, he will think about cancer.

There is nothing wrong with paying attention to health. Life is only a few decades, and everyone wants to live longer. However, when we have a physical examination, we can’t fail to check what we should check, ignore what we should pay attention to, and check a lot of what we shouldn’t check, which even leads to panic and missed diagnosis, but delays a bigger illness.

For example, the following five kinds of tests suggest that you don’t touch them easily in routine physical examination.

First, tumor markers

Seeing this, many people can’t help but question, isn’t it that the higher the tumor marker, the greater the possibility of getting cancer? Why don’t doctors recommend checking this?

In fact, when you spend a lot of money or even thousands of dollars to make a set of tumor markers, if the results are normal, does it mean that you don’t have a tumor? Or if the result is abnormal, you must have a tumor? The answer is not necessarily, because tumor markers are indeed related to tumors, but they are not completely equivalent.

Although the higher the value, the clearer the meaning, but sometimes even in the late stage, or the focus has been widely metastasized, but the value is not necessarily high, and even the normal value is possible. This is because tumor markers are not specific indicators of cancer, and their values will also be affected by other factors, such as inflammation, liver disease and pregnancy.

Let’s give another example in detail, such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which is indeed related to liver cancer and testicular cancer, but not only primary liver cancer, pregnancy, active hepatitis and reproductive system tumors may lead to the increase of this index, but also different detection instruments and reagents may sometimes lead to false positives.

On the contrary, the value of some cancer patients will always be normal, so there will be false negative results. In addition, ECG, urine test and blood test results may be normal, so under the appearance of so-called "everything is normal in physical examination", it will be incredible to suddenly find cancer one day.

Therefore, we should understand what the main uses of tumor markers are, mainly for assisting diagnosis, prognosis judgment, reference for curative effect evaluation and recurrence monitoring of some cancers. To be precise, it is an auxiliary means, and we must never take it too seriously.

Second, X-ray film

This mainly refers to screening lung cancer with X-rays. If the doctor uses X-rays to screen lung cancer for you during physical examination, I suggest you switch to low-dose spiral CT.

Because X-rays have certain limitations, it is easy to miss diagnosis. If X-rays can detect lung cancer, I am afraid it is already advanced. The sensitivity and resolution of X-ray film can only be detected by relatively large lung cancer. If it is early and the tumor is relatively small, X-ray film often can’t find it, which leads to missed diagnosis.

Third, prostate color ultrasound

Prostate color ultrasound is mainly used to find prostate nodules, hyperplasia and inflammation. When many people choose to do prostate color ultrasound, they mainly want to screen for prostate cancer through this examination.

As everyone knows, prostate color ultrasound can’t accurately distinguish benign and malignant prostate lesions, and it can’t determine the nature and degree of nodules. Therefore, most of the time, color ultrasound of prostate can only be used as a preliminary reference, and can not be used as a basis for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Therefore, if abnormal prostate color Doppler ultrasound is found in physical examination, it is better to combine prostate specific antigen (PSA) to check. Because prostate specific antigen is a special protease secreted and synthesized by prostate epithelial cells, its clinical significance is very wide and its price is relatively low.

Iv. PET-CT

In recent years, the abuse of PET-CT has become more and more obvious and serious, which is mainly related to the benefits. After all, the price of a whole-body PET-CT examination is not cheap, and the profit can be imagined.

In addition, many institutions often exaggerate the publicity when promoting PET-CT examination, so that many people have some misunderstandings about this examination, thinking that if they have cancer, they will know if they have a whole-body PET-CT examination. It feels like this examination is a omnipotent cancer detection artifact, and it can be done once and for all.

In fact, there is no universal cancer detection means, and there is no universal cancer detection artifact. What’s more, medicine has not developed to that degree. This examination is mainly to accurately check the metabolism of a certain part of the body, which is often used for clinical diagnosis and treatment, but it is often of little significance to ordinary people.

5. Screening breast cancer with CT or infrared ray.

When doing physical examination, some physical examination centers will recommend using CT and infrared rays to screen breast cancer. This is really unnecessary, because the sensitivity of CT in detecting breast cancer is not high, especially the diagnostic accuracy of cystic-solid lesions is limited, which is often not as good as that of ultrasound, and the accuracy of tiny calcification is not as good as that of X-ray. In addition, the radiation dose is relatively large and the cost is relatively high, so the cost performance is really limited.

The same is true for infrared rays, which, on the one hand, have low sensitivity and large error, and on the other hand, require doctors to have strong subjective judgment, so it is easy to misdiagnose and miss diagnosis. Therefore, if screening breast cancer, it is suggested that breast B ultrasound or breast molybdenum target is basically enough.

Finally, I need to remind you that these are all based on the premise that you don’t have any symptoms or high-risk factors, and the specific situation needs to be treated specifically.

Read the original text

Catalogue

　　The first part of the 2019 annual departmental final accounts report

　　I. Summary of final accounts of income and expenditure

　　Second, the income statement

　　Iii. Final Statement of Expenditure

　　IV. Summary of Final Accounts of Financial Appropriation Income and Expenditure

　　V. Final Statement of General Public Budget Financial Allocation Expenditure

　　VI. Final Statement of Basic Expenditure of General Public Budget Financial Allocation

　　Seven, the government fund budget financial allocation income and expenditure statement.

　　Eight, the government fund budget financial allocation of basic expenditure statement

　　Nine, the financial allocation "three public" expenditure statement

　　X. Table of Government Procurement

　　XI. Table of Government Expenditure on Purchasing Services

　　The second part of the 2019 annual departmental accounts.

　　Part III Information on Other Important Matters in 2019

　　The fourth part is the performance evaluation of departments in 2019

The first part of the 2019 annual departmental final accounts report

　　See Annex 1 for details of the report.

The second part of the 2019 annual departmental accounts.

　　I. Basic information of the department

　　(1) Establishment and responsibilities of departments and institutions

　　1. Departmental organization setup

　　(1) Internal institutions

　　According to the "Beijing Institutional Reform Plan" approved by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission was established. According to the Notice of the General Office of the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Provisions on the Function Allocation, Internal Organizations and Staffing of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission, there are 24 internal organizations including offices.

　　(2) The subordinate budget unit

　　In the final accounts of 2019, there is one administrative department of the Municipal Education Commission and 54 public institutions. Institutions include:

　　Capital Normal University, Beijing University of Technology, capital university of economics and business, Capital Institute of Physical Education, Beijing Agricultural College, Beijing Youth University for Politics, Beijing Union University, Beijing Jianzhu University, north china university of technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing Institute of Materials, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, China Conservatory of Music, China Theatre Academy, Beijing Dance Academy, Beijing Film Academy, beijing international studies university, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing Institute of Printing, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, 25 municipal institutions of higher learning such as Beijing Industrial Vocational and Technical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing Vocational College of Economics and Management, Beijing Vocational College of Finance and Trade, and Beijing Vocational College of Electronic Technology;

　　Five secondary specialized schools, including Beijing Business Science and Technology School, Beijing Automation Engineering School, Beijing Postal School, Beijing Railway Electrification School and Competitive Sports School affiliated to Capital Institute of Physical Education;

　　Beijing Institute of Education, Beijing Open University, beijing school for the blind, Middle School Affiliated to Capital Normal University, Yuxin School Affiliated to Capital Normal University, Beijing Tibet Middle School, Beijing Student Activity Management Center, Beijing Educational Technology Equipment Center, Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences, Beijing Education Examinations Institute, Beijing Education Network and Information Center, Beijing International Education Exchange Center, Beijing Education Veterans Activity Center, Beijing Education News Center, Beijing Student Financial Aid Management Center, Beijing Education Comprehensive Service Center, Beijing Education System Talent Exchange Service Center, Beijing School-run Industrial Management Center, Beijing Teachers’ Rest Home, Beijing Education Audio-visual Press General Agency, Beijing Municipal Education Commission Service Center, Beijing Education Annals Compilation Committee Office, Beijing School Logistics Center, Beijing School and other 24 directly affiliated units.

　　2. Department responsibilities

　　(1) to implement the national laws, regulations, rules and policies on education, promote the rule of law, draft relevant local regulations and government regulations in this Municipality, study and formulate policies on education reform and development, and supervise their implementation. Organize the preparation of educational development plans, work out special plans for educational facilities in conjunction with relevant departments, and organize their implementation.

　　(2) to plan, coordinate and guide the education work in this Municipality. Unified management of preschool education, basic education, secondary vocational education, higher education and other educational undertakings. Responsible for promoting the balanced development of compulsory education and promoting educational equity. Responsible for establishing education-related standard systems at all levels and organizing their implementation. Responsible for the construction of social credit system in education system.

　　(3) to guide the comprehensive education reform of the city’s education system and rural areas, enterprises and communities. Promote the reform and development of vocational education and higher education, and be responsible for poverty alleviation cooperation and support cooperation in the education system. Deepen the reform of the management system of municipal colleges and universities.

　　(4) To plan, coordinate and guide the construction of a learning society and lifelong learning service system in this city.

　　(5) According to the management authority, be responsible for examining and approving the establishment, alteration and termination of schools and other educational institutions and projects organized by the state, social organizations or individuals other than state institutions, and perform supervisory duties. Manage the professional settings of municipal colleges and universities. Management degree, discipline construction and postgraduate training. Coordinate and manage the institutions of higher learning of the central ministries and commissions in Beijing.

　　(6) to formulate the establishment and running standards of secondary and below secondary education schools in this city, and to formulate basic teaching requirements and basic documents. Organize the compilation of textbooks for secondary and below secondary education schools, and examine and approve local textbooks for basic education.

　　(7) To study the reform of examination enrollment, formulate the reform policy of the examination and evaluation system for enrollment in this Municipality and the enrollment plan for higher education, secondary education and postgraduate education, and be responsible for the organization and management of the examination. Responsible for the management of student status of students with secondary education or above in Beijing. Responsible for handling the complaints of college students in Beijing.

　　(8) To participate in the formulation and implementation of employment policies for graduates of institutions of higher learning in Beijing, and promote the reform of employment system for graduates of institutions of higher learning. Instruct Beijing colleges and universities to carry out employment, entrepreneurship and recruitment of college students.

　　(9) To manage and guide the ideological and political work and moral education of the basic education schools in this Municipality, and to guide the sports health and art education, labor education and national defense education of all kinds of schools at all levels. Coordinate and guide all kinds of students’ social practice and off-campus education.

　　(10) to plan and guide the research of natural science, philosophy and social science in Beijing institutions of higher learning. Organize Beijing institutions of higher learning to undertake major national and municipal scientific research projects. Guide the development and construction of scientific and technological innovation platform in Beijing universities. To guide the education informatization and the integration of Industry-University-Research. Responsible for the network information security, technical guidance and guarantee of the education system.

　　(11) overall planning, organization and implementation of the city’s education supervision work, formulate rules and regulations and implementation plans for education supervision and evaluation. Organize the supervision and inspection of the implementation of education-related laws, regulations and rules. Monitor the implementation of compulsory education, and supervise and inspect the teaching quality and balanced development of compulsory education.

　　(12) Responsible for monitoring the development and quality of education at all levels in this Municipality, as well as supervising and evaluating the running status of schools at all levels and the level of education and teaching. Supervise and evaluate the education work of the district government. To guide the relevant units in the district and municipal governments to carry out educational supervision. Investigate and study major issues in education, evaluate the implementation effect of education policies, and put forward reports and suggestions. Responsible for issuing supervision reports.

　　(13) Responsible for coordinating and guiding the personnel and personnel system reform of the education system in this Municipality. Participate in the formulation of national standards for the establishment of schools of all levels and types. To be in charge of teachers’ work and guide the construction of teachers and managers in the education system. Coordinate the construction of teachers’ morality and style, and be responsible for the work of teachers’ morality and style in basic education. Responsible for the qualification of teachers in Beijing. Social organizations of management education.

　　(14) In conjunction with relevant departments, formulate policies on education fund raising and education capital construction investment in this Municipality. Responsible for the overall management of the city level education capital construction investment, education funds and foreign education assistance, education loans. To manage the state-owned assets of education at the city level and the educational capital construction projects. Responsible for coordinating the construction of higher education parks. Supervise the implementation of the education budget. To study, formulate and adjust education charging policies and standards.

　　(15) to plan and guide the logistics and logistics reform of schools at all levels in this Municipality. Coordinate and organize all districts and relevant departments to improve the campus and surrounding environment and maintain the normal order of the school.

　　(16) Responsible for the international cooperation and exchange of the education system in this Municipality and the educational exchanges and cooperation with Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. To guide international students and overseas Chinese students from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Guide the international education of Chinese. Responsible for the audit, approval and related management of Chinese-foreign cooperative education and schools for children of foreigners, and the registration and daily management of schools for children of embassy staff in China. Responsible for the establishment, review, supervision and guidance of educational overseas NGOs. Responsible for the examination and supervision of Sino-foreign cooperative education held in Beijing. Responsible for the acceptance of applications from teachers and students to study abroad.

　　(17) Planning and guiding the educational scientific research, educational teaching research and the development of educational modern information technology in this Municipality. Responsible for the standardization of language and writing.

　　(18) Responsible for the safety management of the education system in this Municipality. Take the main responsibility for the safety work of various activities organized in the name of the Municipal Education Commission.

　　(19) Complete other tasks assigned by the municipal party committee and municipal government.

　　(II) Personnel composition

　　There are 222 people in the administrative department of Beijing Municipal Education Commission, and the actual number is 210. There are 38,253 employees, and there are 31,187 employees. The number of students is 352590 (including doctoral students, master students, junior college students, secondary education students, etc.).

　　Second, the overall situation of income and expenditure accounts

　　In 2019, the total revenue and expenditure was 38,333,476,800 yuan, an increase of 2,992,429,000 yuan or 8.47% over the previous year.

　　(a) the income statement

　　In 2019, the total revenue this year was 3,170,264,850 yuan, an increase of 2,940,529,200 yuan over the previous year, with an increase of 10.22%, of which: the revenue from financial allocation was 2,601,703,420 yuan, accounting for 82.07% of the total revenue; Business income is 4,557,769,400 yuan, accounting for 14.38% of the total income; The operating income is 559.7292 million yuan, accounting for 1.77% of the total income; The income paid by affiliated units is 132.1474 million yuan, accounting for 0.42% of the total income; Other income was 435,968,300 yuan, accounting for 1.38% of the total income.

　　(2) Description of final accounts of expenditures

　　In 2019, the total expenditure this year was 31,317,087,400 yuan, an increase of 2,643,693,200 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 9.22%, of which: the basic expenditure was 1,930,102,030 yuan, accounting for 61.63% of the total expenditure; The project expenditure is 11,555,395,900 yuan, accounting for 36.90% of the total expenditure; Operating expenditure was 460,671,200 yuan, accounting for 1.47% of the total expenditure.

　　Three, the financial allocation of income and expenditure accounts of the overall situation

　　In 2019, the total revenue and expenditure of financial allocation was 278,905,747 yuan, an increase of 1,927,066,800 yuan or 7.42% over the previous year. The main reason is the increase in capital construction funds for the new campus of Beijing Information Science and Technology University and Beijing schools.

　　Four, the general public budget expenditure accounts.

　　(a) the overall situation of the general public budget expenditure accounts

　　In 2019, the financial allocation expenditure of the general public budget was 25,863,307,800 yuan, which was mainly used in the following aspects (according to major categories): the general public service expenditure was 3,010,000 yuan, accounting for 0.01% of the financial allocation expenditure this year; Education expenditure is 25,789,594,400 yuan, accounting for 99.71% of this year’s financial allocation expenditure; The expenditure on science and technology is 14.1031 million yuan, accounting for 0.05% of this year’s financial allocation expenditure; The expenditure on culture, tourism, sports and media is 20 million yuan, accounting for 0.08% of this year’s financial allocation; Expenditure on social security and employment is 6,805,800 yuan, accounting for 0.03% of the financial allocation expenditure this year; The expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water is 7.339 million yuan, accounting for 0.03% of this year’s financial allocation expenditure; Other expenditures were 22,455,600 yuan, accounting for 0.09% of this year’s financial allocation.

　　(two) the specific situation of the final accounts of the general public budget.

　　1. The final account of "general public service expenditure" (category) in 2019 was 3.01 million yuan, an increase of 3.01 million yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final account of "Human Resources Affairs" in 2019 was 3.01 million yuan, an increase of 3.01 million yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the subsidy funds for the national professional and technical personnel continuing education base arranged in the middle of the year.

　　2. The final account of "education expenditure" (category) in 2019 was 257,895,944 yuan, an increase of 350,096,380 yuan or 15.71% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final account of "Education Management Affairs" (funds) in 2019 was 957.59 million yuan, an increase of 140.1855 million yuan or 17.15% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the business development projects and personnel funds of the directly affiliated units arranged in the middle of the year.

　　The final accounts of "general education" (funds) in 2019 were 2,238,395,600 yuan, an increase of 3,115,978,400 yuan or 16.17% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the capital construction, double first-class construction, high-tech innovation center projects and personnel funds arranged in the middle of the year.

　　The final accounts of "Vocational Education" in 2019 were 1,976,666,600 yuan, an increase of 167,239,400 yuan or 9.24% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the quality improvement plan of modern vocational education and personnel funds arranged in the middle of the year.

　　The final accounts of "Adult Education" in 2019 were 280,617,400 yuan, an increase of 35,481,600 yuan or 14.47% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the final payment of the infrastructure renovation project arranged in the middle of the year, the qualification interview and examination items for primary and secondary school teachers, and personnel funds.

　　The final account of "Radio and Television Education" in 2019 was 115,365,100 yuan, an increase of 13,533,400 yuan or 13.29% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the personnel funds arranged in the middle of the year.

　　The final account of "special education" in 2019 was 43.0322 million yuan, an increase of 3.1237 million yuan or 7.83% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the personnel funds arranged in the middle of the year.

　　The final account of "further education and training" in 2019 was 1,131,000 yuan, a decrease of 686,400 yuan or 37.77% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is that the annual implementation reduces general expenditure; Second, the plan has been adjusted and the funds have not been fully spent.

　　The final account of "other education expenditure" in 2019 was 31.2366 million yuan, an increase of 26.1081 million yuan or 509.08% over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by educational facilities planning and supervision projects carried over from last year; The second is the expenditure formed by the action plan and major activities to expand the source of primary and secondary school teachers arranged in the middle of the year.

　　3. The final accounts of "science and technology expenditure" (category) in 2019 were 14,103,100 yuan, a decrease of 1,096,900 yuan or 7.22% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final account of "Technology Research and Development" in 2019 was 14,103,100 yuan, a decrease of 1,096,900 yuan or 7.22% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is that during the annual implementation, the plan has been adjusted and the funds have not been fully spent.

　　4. The final account of "cultural tourism, sports and media expenditure" (category) in 2019 is 20 million yuan, which is the same as the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final account of "Culture and Tourism" in 2019 is 20 million yuan, which is the same as the budget at the beginning of 2019. Mainly used for national art into campus activities.

　　5. The final account of "social security and employment expenditure" (category) in 2019 was 6,805,800 yuan, a decrease of 62,200 yuan or 0.91% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final account of "Retirement of administrative institutions" in 2019 was 6,805,800 yuan, a decrease of 62,200 yuan or 0.91% compared with the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is that the annual retirement funds of the unified hair unit are liquidated according to the actual situation.

　　6. The final account of "agriculture, forestry and water expenditure" (category) in 2019 was 7.339 million yuan, an increase of 7.339 million yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final accounts of "agriculture" in 2019 were 7.339 million yuan, an increase of 7.339 million yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the project of Beijing National Silage Corn Variety Testing Station arranged in the middle of the year.

　　7. The final accounts of "other expenditures" (categories) in 2019 were 22,455,600 yuan, an increase of 22,455,600 yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final accounts of "other expenses" (funds) in 2019 were 22,455,600 yuan, an increase of 22,455,600 yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the funds for major activities arranged in the middle of the year.

　　Five, the government fund budget expenditure accounts.

　　(a) the overall situation of the final accounts of the government fund budget.

　　In 2019, the budgetary financial allocation expenditure of government funds was 3,653,900 yuan, which was mainly used in the following aspects (according to major categories): the expenditure of urban and rural communities was 3,563,700 yuan, accounting for 97.53% of the financial allocation expenditure this year; Other expenditure is 90,200 yuan, accounting for 2.47% of the financial allocation expenditure this year.

　　(two) the specific situation of the final accounts of the government fund budget.

　　1. The final account of "urban and rural community expenditure" (category) in 2019 was 3,563,700 yuan, an increase of 3,563,700 yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　The final account of "the income from the transfer of state-owned land use rights and the expenditure corresponding to the special debt income arrangement" in 2019 was 3,563,700 yuan, an increase of 3,563,700 yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the 10KV external power supply project of Beijing school arranged in the middle of the year.

　　2. The final accounts of "other expenditures" (categories) in 2019 were 90,200 yuan, an increase of 90,200 yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. Among them:

　　"Expenditure arranged by the lottery public welfare fund" (funds) has a final account of 90,200 yuan in 2019, an increase of 90,200 yuan over the budget at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is the expenditure formed by the central subsidy funds of the national high-level sports reserve talent base carried over from last year.

　　Six, the financial allocation of basic expenditure accounts.

　　In 2019, the department allocated 161,253,462 yuan for basic expenses and 0,000 yuan for government funds, including: (1) salary and welfare expenses including basic salary, allowances, bonuses, food subsidies, performance pay, other social security contributions and other salaries and benefits; (2) Expenditure on goods and services includes office expenses, printing fees, consulting fees, handling fees, water fees, electricity fees, post and telecommunications fees, heating fees, property management fees, travel expenses, expenses for going abroad (abroad) on business, maintenance (protection) fees, rental fees, conference fees, training fees, official reception fees, special materials fees, labor fees, entrusted business fees, trade union funds, and so on. (3) Subsidies for individuals and families include retirement expenses, retirement expenses, pensions, living allowances, relief expenses, medical expenses subsidies, grants, bonuses and other subsidies for individuals and families. (4) Other capital expenditures include the purchase of office equipment and special equipment.

Part III Information on Other Important Matters in 2019

　　First, the "three public funds" financial allocation final accounts

　　The "three public" funds include one administrative unit, two institutions that refer to the civil service law and 52 institutions. In 2019, the final accounts of the financial allocation for the "three public funds" were 27,403,200 yuan, which was 17,128,600 yuan lower than the initial budget of the "three public funds" in 2019 of 44,531,800 yuan. Among them:

　　1. Expenses for going abroad on business. The final accounts in 2019 were 16.354 million yuan, a decrease of 7.3121 million yuan compared with the budget of 23.6661 million yuan at the beginning of 2019. The main reasons are: first, strictly implement the regulations of the central government and Beijing Municipality on strict economy and reduce the number of delegations going abroad; Second, due to the arrangement of school education and teaching, the visit plan of some projects was postponed to 2020. In 2019, the expenses for going abroad on business were mainly used for short-term training of teachers, various academic exchanges, international academic conferences, and overseas exchange performances of art colleges. In 2019, 355 groups and 884 people went abroad on business, and the per capita expenses for going abroad on business were 18,500 yuan.

　　2. Official reception fee. The final accounts in 2019 were 619,500 yuan, a decrease of 995,000 yuan compared with the budget of 1,614,500 yuan at the beginning of 2019. The main reason is to further implement the regulations of the Central Committee and Beijing Municipality on strict economy and reduction of administrative costs, strengthen management, and strictly control the scale and standards of official reception. In 2019, the official reception fee was mainly used for official reception and foreign guests reception in teaching, scientific research management and academic exchanges. There were 571 official receptions and 5910 official receptions.

　　3 official car purchase and operation and maintenance fees. In 2019, the final accounts were 10.4297 million yuan, a decrease of 8.8215 million yuan compared with the budget of 19.2512 million yuan at the beginning of 2019. Among them, the final account of the official car purchase fee in 2019 was 2,681,200 yuan, a decrease of 775,300 yuan from the budget of 3,456,500 yuan at the beginning of 2019. The main reason: according to the actual expenditure, some units failed to complete the renewal procedures in 2019 and will continue to implement them in 2020. In 2019, 10 vehicles were purchased (updated), and the average purchase cost of vehicles was 268,100 yuan. The final accounts of official vehicle operation and maintenance fees in 2019 were 7,748,500 yuan, a decrease of 8,046,200 yuan compared with the budget of 15,794,700 yuan at the beginning of 2019. The main reason was to strictly implement the regulations of the central government and Beijing Municipality on strict economy and reduce administrative costs. In 2019, the official vehicle operation and maintenance fee included 1,813,500 yuan for refueling, 3,561,100 yuan for maintenance, 1,416,800 yuan for insurance and 957,000 yuan for other expenses. In 2019, the number of official vehicles was 799, and the average vehicle operation and maintenance cost was 0.97 million yuan.

　　II. Expenditures for the operation of organs

　　In 2019, the daily public expenditure of the basic expenditure arranged by the administrative units of this department (including the administrative institutions with reference to the Civil Service Law) using the general public budget financial allocation totaled 15,651,500 yuan, an increase of 425,300 yuan over the previous year. The increase was due to the increase in heating costs and office building maintenance costs.

　　Iii. Government procurement expenditure

　　In 2019, the total government procurement expenditure of this department was 3,872,068,200 yuan, including 1,657,268,200 yuan for goods, 549,068,900 yuan for projects and 1,665,731,100 yuan for services. The contract amount awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises is 2,898,734,500 yuan, accounting for 74.86% of the total government procurement expenditure, of which the contract amount awarded to small and micro enterprises is 896,231,600 yuan, accounting for 23.15% of the total government procurement expenditure.

　　IV. Occupation of State-owned Assets

　　In 2019, there were 922 vehicles in this department (motor vehicles arranged by various funds, including confidential communication vehicles, emergency support vehicles, special professional and technical vehicles, retired cadres’ vehicles and other official vehicles equipped according to regulations), amounting to 247,073,800 yuan; 3,566 sets of general equipment with a unit value of more than 500,000 yuan, and 305 sets of special equipment with a unit value of more than 1 million yuan.

　　Five, the state-owned capital operating budget financial allocation revenue and expenditure

　　There is no such expenditure this year.

　　VI. Explanation of government expenditure on purchasing services

　　In 2019, the final account of government procurement services of this department was 183.1875 million yuan.

　　VII. Interpretation of technical terms

　　1. "Three Public Funds": refers to the expenses for going abroad (abroad), purchasing and operating official vehicles and official reception arranged by the unit through financial allocation. Among them, the expenses for going abroad on business refer to the international travel expenses, inter-city transportation expenses, accommodation expenses, meals, training fees, public and miscellaneous expenses, etc. The official vehicle purchase and operation expenses refer to the official vehicle purchase expenses (including vehicle purchase tax and license fee) and the official vehicle fuel expenses, maintenance fees, crossing fees, insurance fees, safety incentive fees and other expenses retained by the unit according to regulations; Official reception fee refers to all kinds of official reception (including foreign guests reception) expenses incurred by the unit according to regulations.

　　2. Operating expenses of organs: refers to the daily public expenditure among the basic expenditures arranged by the administrative units (including the administrative institutions with reference to the Civil Service Law) using the general public budget, including office and printing expenses, post and telecommunications expenses, travel expenses, conference expenses, welfare expenses, daily maintenance expenses, special materials and general equipment purchase expenses, office space utilities, office space heating expenses, office space property management expenses, official vehicle operation and maintenance expenses and other expenses.

　　3. Government procurement: refers to the behavior of state organs, institutions and organizations at all levels using financial funds to purchase goods, projects and services within the centralized catalogue formulated according to law or above the procurement limit standard.

　　4. Government procurement of services: refers to the behavior of state organs at all levels to entrust qualified service providers with services that fall within their own responsibilities and are suitable for market-oriented services in accordance with government procurement methods and procedures, and pay them fees according to factors such as service quantity and quality. .

　　5. Expenditure on senior high school education: it mainly reflects the expenditures of senior high schools, such as personnel training, teacher team building, student financial aid, capital construction, infrastructure renovation, personnel expenses, etc.

The fourth part is the performance evaluation of departments in 2019

　　First, the performance evaluation work

　　The Beijing Municipal Education Commission conducted a performance evaluation of departmental project expenditures in 2019, with 530 evaluation projects, accounting for 39.26% of the total departmental projects, involving an amount of 6,071,221,400 yuan. Evaluation results: the project establishment meets the needs of the unit’s responsibilities and development planning, and the performance objectives are reasonable; The financial management system is sound and standardized, and the financial monitoring measures are effective and standardized; The quality level of project completion is high, the performance objectives and indicators are generally realized, and the established output quantity, quality and benefit are achieved; Through the implementation of the project, it has played a good supporting and driving role in the development of education, and the social benefits are remarkable.

　　II. Self-evaluation report on the performance of special transfer payment for urban and rural compulsory education subsidies in 2019

　　(A) the evaluation object profile

　　According to the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Education on Issuing the Subsidy Budget for Urban and Rural Compulsory Education in 2019 in advance (Cai Kejiao [2018] No.118) and the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Education on Issuing the Subsidy Budget for Urban and Rural Compulsory Education in 2019 (Cai Kejiao [2019] No.30), the central government issued a total of 562.26 million yuan for urban and rural compulsory education in 2019 to Beijing. The supporting municipal funds in Beijing are 600.08 million yuan, which are mainly used for school public funds, free textbooks for students in compulsory education, subsidies for students with financial difficulties, and school building security. The performance targets of special funds mainly include the number of students who benefit from textbook subsidies, the number of students who benefit from living allowances for students with financial difficulties, and the qualified rate of textbook quality. According to the requirements of the country and the development of urban and rural compulsory education in Beijing, the overall goal of "thoroughly implementing the spirit of the National Education Conference and the Beijing Education Conference, focusing on the fundamental task of" cultivating people by virtue ",implementing the policy of" three exemptions and two subsidies "for compulsory education, persisting in basing on functions, highlighting key points, strengthening overall planning, striving to promote education equity, improving education quality, and promoting the balanced development of compulsory education with the focus on the integration of urban and rural education" was set. In actual implementation, according to the annual work plan, each project will report the budget and performance targets within the scope of funding.

　　(II) Evaluation conclusion

　　Through the evaluation, the comprehensive score of the project is 98.5, and the conclusion of the comprehensive performance evaluation of the project is "excellent".

　　In 2019, the subsidy for urban and rural compulsory education provided schools with sufficient public funds, which ensured the normal education and teaching activities of schools, provided strong support for campus security, ensured the safety of life and property of teachers and students, maintained social stability and provided a good learning and living environment for teachers and students. At the same time, the municipal and district education committees strictly follow the policy standards, refine accounting, and provide free textbooks for students in compulsory schools, ensuring the accurate implementation of student aid and living allowance, effectively reducing the pressure on students with financial difficulties and allowing students to grow up healthily and happily in school. The number of students who benefited from textbook subsidies was 1,192,200, the number of students who benefited from living subsidies for students with financial difficulties was 29,200, and the number of students who benefited from learning subsidies for students with financial difficulties was 49,500. The pass rate of textbooks was over 97%. The subsidy for compulsory education in urban and rural areas has effectively promoted the balanced development of urban and rural education. For example, Haidian District has improved the safety factor of rural campus and improved the education and teaching environment of rural schools by supporting rural schools to carry out power capacity expansion projects, house heating, and circuit safety transformation of teaching rooms.

　　(3) Existing problems

　　At present, the publicity of students’ financial aid in various districts and schools is still limited to traditional propaganda methods such as brochures and campus bulletin boards, which is not compatible with the increasingly developing technological development. More new media methods such as WeChat and websites should be used to publicize the financial aid policy.

　　(4) Suggestions

　　In 2020, our committee will adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, fully implement the Party’s education policy in accordance with the deployment of the central government and the municipal party committee and municipal government, implement the funding guarantee mechanism for urban and rural compulsory education, actively respond to the enrollment peak based on the requirements of "seven haves" and "five natures", ensure that compulsory education degrees meet the demand, and promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.

　　The first is to promote the balanced development of compulsory education. Implement the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue and strive to build an education system that comprehensively cultivates morality, intelligence, physique and beauty. We will accelerate the municipal-level planning of key education projects in quality schools and sub-centers of cities, and continue to increase the number of quality primary and secondary schools. We will promote the regional collectivization of primary and secondary schools, the reform of district system and the nine-year compulsory schooling, continue to implement the integrated development project of urban and rural primary and secondary schools, and continuously expand the coverage of high-quality resources. The evaluation methods and standards for establishing a high-quality and balanced development zone of compulsory education in the benchmark countries and Beijing will fill in the shortcomings.

　　The second is to promote the reform of the division of financial affairs and expenditure responsibilities. In-depth implementation of the "Reform Plan for the Division of Financial Affairs and Expenditure Responsibilities between Central and Local Governments in Education" (Guo Ban Fa [2019] No.27), comprehensively sorting out the expenditure policies in education, rationally dividing the financial affairs and expenditure responsibilities in education between cities and districts, improving the transfer payment system for education between cities and districts, and promoting the equalization of basic public services in education.

　　The third is to improve the management of education funds. Firmly establish the idea of "tight days", adjust and optimize the expenditure structure, and improve the efficiency of the use of funds. Further improve all kinds of education investment policies to ensure the priority development of education. Improve the construction of student financial assistance system and ensure the funding. Constantly improve the supervision system of education funds, and establish and improve an all-round, whole-process and full-coverage budget performance management system in the field of education.

　　Third, the project expenditure performance self-evaluation form

　　See Annex 2 for the project expenditure performance self-assessment form.

Radar Financial Products | Xiao Sa | Deep Sea

Country Garden spared no effort to save the company. This time, the executives collectively reduced their salaries.

On December 12th, Country Garden announced that the annual salary of four directors, Yang Huiyan, Mo Bin, Yang Ziying and Chen Tai, had all dropped to 120,000 yuan, that is, the monthly salary was 10,000 yuan. Among them, the biggest decline is in Mo Bin, whose annual salary before adjustment is 3 million yuan.

According to media reports, at present, Country Garden has cancelled all car allocation for senior executives according to the principle of zero administrative expenses, including reimbursement for senior executives’ medical examination and free canteens for senior executives.

Earlier, Country Garden also released the news that Yang Guoqiang was selling airplanes, and it lent 300 million dollars of interest-free loans to listed companies out of its own pocket. Recently, Yang Huiyan even said that the family, as the controlling shareholder, would "support the company by selling iron in a big pot".

When the company is in turmoil, from the founder’s family to the management, Country Garden strives to send positive signals to the market and investors. Judging from the public information, Country Garden’s overseas debt restructuring has not made substantial progress, and RMB debt is also on the verge of default.

Therefore, although Country Garden does not lack positive self-help attitude and measures, compared with the huge debt scale of the company, the actual effect of these actions remains to be seen. If we refer to the cases of other real estate enterprises in danger, as long as the debt crisis has not been completely lifted, Country Garden’s difficulties are not in the past.

Mo Bin has fallen from an annual salary of 235 million to a monthly salary of 10,000

On December 12th, Country Garden announced voluntarily that, in combination with the actual business needs of the industry and the company, executive directors Yang Huiyan, Mo Bin, Yang Ziying and non-executive director Chen Nai of the company offered to reduce their salaries, and signed a supplementary agreement on directors’ services and a supplementary letter of appointment on November 1st, 2023, adjusting the annual salary of directors from 370,000 yuan, 3,000,000 yuan, 2,000 yuan and 370,000 yuan to 120,000 yuan respectively.

The adjustment was approved by the board of directors of the company on the date of this announcement and will take effect on November 1, 2023.

In the past, high-level housing enterprises have always been known for their high salaries, and Country Garden is no exception. Straight flush iFinD data shows that by the end of 2021, the remuneration of Yang Guoqiang, co-chairman and executive director of Country Garden, was RMB 29,054,900, that of Yang Huiyan, co-chairman and executive director was RMB 19,301,800, that of Mo Bin, executive director and president was RMB 235 million, and that of the other four executive directors was between RMB 20 million and RMB 60 million.

In 2022, the salary of Country Garden management declined, but the highest salary was still 10 million yuan. In September last year, the annual salaries of Mo Bin and Yang Ziying were reduced from 15 million yuan and 10 million yuan respectively to 3 million yuan and 2 million yuan.

On the whole, after this adjustment, Mo Bin, the president, has the biggest decline, from the annual salary of one million last year to the current 120,000 yuan.

In addition, Country Garden’s daily administrative expenses have also begun to tighten. According to media reports, at present, the company has cancelled all senior executives’ car allocation, and when there is a real need for work, it can achieve intensive vehicle cost control and cost reduction by applying for official car allocation or using its own car.

For all group buses, including the former senior executives’ car allocation, assets will be revitalized through internal public bidding and foreign workers’ debt repayment. In addition, including the reimbursement of senior executives’ medical examinations and the free canteen for senior executives, etc. have also been cancelled.

Country Garden said that the administrative expenses of the whole group are based on the principle of zero, and they are not necessary to be spent. Rigid expenditures are reduced as much as possible through integration and intensification, and in 2023, they will be significantly reduced by nearly 60% compared with 2021.

At present, Yang Huiyan is at the helm of Country Garden. On March 1st this year, Yang Guoqiang announced his retirement, and Yang Huiyan officially took over the post of chairman of the board of directors from his father.

Five months after taking over the baton, Country Garden defaulted on two US dollar debts, officially declaring itself out of danger, and the cloud approached "the first real estate enterprise in the universe". For a while, the market "small essays" flew around, and it was rumored that "the father and daughter of the founder of Country Garden may have left the country". Country Garden had to publicly refute the rumor, and Yang Guoqiang made several appearances.

Subsequently, Country Garden embarked on the road of self-help. At the group executive meeting held on October 9, Mo Bin, president of Country Garden, revealed that the Yang family was selling its private jet; Another insider of Country Garden confirmed that Yang Guoqiang’s Yang family had provided Country Garden with an interest-free loan of $300 million.

In December, Yang Huiyan released the signal of self-help before going on stage for many times. On December 8, Country Garden Group held a monthly management meeting. Yang Huiyan, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Group, pointed out that "the family will definitely sell iron to support the company, and the company will strive to explore an effective path to resume normal operations as soon as possible."

Country Garden revealed that Yang Huiyan’s family, as the controlling shareholder, fully provided financial support for the company. Up to now, the total amount of support has been about HK$ 41 billion by borrowing money, increasing shares, buying bonds and paying interest by shares, and they have never reduced their shares.

However, with the stock price falling, the wealth of the Yang Huiyan family has shrunk dramatically. On November 14th, Hurun Research Institute released Hurun Women Entrepreneurs List in 2023, and Yang Huiyan’s wealth shrank by 27 billion yuan, ranking fifth with 48 billion yuan.

Make major adjustments to ensure delivery

In the face of unprecedented difficulties, Country Garden needs more self-help actions.

On December 5th, Country Garden made a new round of organizational restructuring, merging 14 regional companies into 7 new regions. After the merger, the total number of regions in Country Garden was reduced from 28 to 21.

A person close to Country Garden said that through regional contraction and merger, the resources invested in projects with poor performance can be recovered, which can play a role in reducing costs, and these freed resources can be concentrated for the delivery of buildings.

Radar Finance noted that Country Garden had previously adopted the strategy of "occupying the third and fourth lines, firmly sinking the fifth and sixth lines, and carefully laying out the first and second lines".

Because the project is spread over more than 30 provinces and cities, Country Garden has split the region. In May 2020, Country Garden split some areas, and the number of areas under its jurisdiction increased from 47 to 73. In October of that year, Country Garden once again split 73 areas into 104.

At the performance meeting the following year, President Mo Bin said that in 2020, Country Garden combined the capacity of the external market, the internal control radius and the regional operation ability, and split the region according to local conditions, "achieving no increase in costs and more effective control".

However, in the second half of the year, Country Garden has begun to organize "slimming". By the end of 2021, the company made major adjustments to its 106 regional companies and merged them into 65.

Since the beginning of this year, Country Garden has repeatedly attacked the organization. At the beginning of March, Country Garden reduced the number of regions to 29 according to the principle of "excellent regional presidents manage regions".

At the end of May, the company adjusted its formation again, and set up two major industrial groups, namely, real estate, science and technology construction, and new business and innovation investment division, under Country Garden Holdings.

Country Garden said that this adjustment is mainly to implement the previously proposed "one body and two wings" development strategy (with traditional real estate as the main body, entrusted agent construction and technology construction as the two wings), in order to reduce the impact on business units.

Some analysts pointed out that the core of Country Garden’s frequent organizational integration is to reduce human resources expenditure. This also means that layoffs are inevitable.

According to the data of the semi-annual report, in the first half of 2023, the number of employees in Country Garden decreased from 69,932 to 58,140, and nearly 11,800 employees were lost at once.

In addition, it is also very important for Country Garden to return to normal operation by avoiding project shutdown, promoting normal delivery of the project and realizing sales. Recently, Yang Huiyan said that the company will have three main tasks in the next 12 months: ensuring delivery, ensuring operation and ensuring credit.

According to statistics, Country Garden Group has delivered about 500,000 houses in the first 11 months of this year. In 2024, Country Garden is expected to deliver more than 400,000 sets.

Considering the deteriorating refinancing environment, sales return is the real "hematopoietic" way for real estate enterprises.

However, the current sales situation of Country Garden is still not optimistic. From January to November 2023, the cumulative sales of Country Garden was 212.45 billion yuan, down 52% year-on-year.

In the past October-November, the sales of Country Garden were only 6.31 billion yuan and 6.11 billion yuan.

The debt problem has not been completely solved.

It is not difficult for Country Garden to "tighten one’s belt". What is difficult is how to solve the thorny debt problem.

Judging from the overall debt scale, as of the end of June this year, Country Garden had total assets of about 1.62 trillion yuan, total liabilities of about 1.36 trillion yuan and net assets of about 0.26 trillion yuan.

Among the total liabilities of 1.36 trillion yuan, the balance of contractual liabilities is 603.6 billion yuan, which belongs to the advance payment of the house and does not need to be repaid in cash. At that time, the house can be carried forward as income after delivery. In addition, the balance of the company’s total interest-bearing liabilities in the same period was 257.91 billion yuan, of which the debts due within 12 months were 108.703 billion yuan.

In terms of cash reserves, as of the first half of 2023, Country Garden had a total cash balance of about 130.569 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 16.981 billion yuan, of which cash and cash equivalents were about 101.115 billion yuan and restricted cash was about 29.454 billion yuan.

However, in some cases, the amount of cash on the books of real estate enterprises cannot represent all. Fitch previously pointed out that the restriction of local governments on pre-sale supervision funds at the project level weakened the substitutability of real estate enterprises to use cash to repay debts other than real estate project companies. In addition, there are other financial treaties that prohibit the withdrawal and use of project-level funds.

Therefore, Country Garden, which has a liquidity of 100 billion yuan, suddenly announced on October 10 that as of the date of this announcement, the company had not paid the due amount of HK$ 470 million in a certain debt.

The announcement pointed out that the company also expects that it will not be able to fulfill all its overseas debt repayment obligations as scheduled or within the relevant grace period, including but not limited to the repayment obligations under the US dollar bonds issued by the company.

In the announcement, Country Garden said that it had hired consultants to help assess its capital structure and liquidity and formulate an overall solution.

This move also means that Country Garden officially announced the start of overseas debt restructuring. Now that two months have passed, Country Garden has not further disclosed the progress of overseas debt restructuring.

According to statistics, there are 15 public US dollar bonds in Country Garden, and the surviving principal is about 9.3 billion US dollars.

In terms of domestic debt, according to Country Garden, as of October 10, its nine domestic debt extension plans with a total principal of 14.7 billion yuan have been approved by bondholders, and the maturity time has been extended by three years as a whole.

However, this is not the whole of the company’s domestic bonds. December 13th is the interest payment date and resale exercise date of the bond "22 Bidi 02" in Country Garden.

36Kr learned that Country Garden has paid the coupon interest to investors for the past year, and successfully persuaded most investors not to exercise their resale rights. This marks that the company has avoided the first substantial default of domestic debt.

Liu Chunsheng, an associate professor at the Central University of Finance and Economics, thinks that compared with Country Garden’s debt, the management has made a drop in the bucket, but the attitude is correct. He pointed out that Country Garden’s biggest problem at present is how to solve the debt problem and the survival problem of enterprises through debt restructuring, asset restructuring, asset sale and introducing strategic investment.

The debt crisis has always been the biggest risk facing Country Garden. How to spend the darkest moment at the moment tests Yang’s father and daughter.