A new way of rural revitalization in the first place of precision poverty alleviation
A new way of rural revitalization in the first place of precision poverty alleviation
— — Insight into the rural development prospect from Shibadong Village
Guangming daily research group
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that after the victory in tackling poverty, it is necessary to comprehensively promote rural revitalization, which is a historic shift in the focus of the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers. To promote rural revitalization in an all-round way, we must accelerate the development of rural industries, strengthen the construction of socialist spiritual civilization, strengthen the construction of rural ecological civilization, deepen rural reform, implement rural construction actions, promote the integration of urban and rural development, and strengthen and improve rural governance.
As the pioneer of accurate poverty alleviation, Shibadong Village in Shuanglong Town (formerly Paibi Township) of Huayuan County, Hunan Province has effectively connected from deep poverty to rural revitalization, and has made a historical leap and profound change from closed, conservative and backward to civilized, open and confident, creating a miracle in the history of Miao Village in western Hunan for thousands of years. In the stage of tackling poverty, Shibadong village has embarked on a road of poverty alleviation that can be replicated and promoted; From a new starting point, Shibadong Village further highlights the industrial development, the combination of culture and tourism, land improvement, rural governance and the mobilization of the mass experience model, actively explores and tries first, and strives to find a new way for rural revitalization.
After upgrading, Lizizhai village in Shibadong village has a new look. Information picture
The mass mobilization mode of "typical leading and positive motivation"
Entering a new stage of rural revitalization, Shibadong Village has summed up valuable experience in the past, further adhered to the masses as the main body in the reform and development, stimulated endogenous motivation, fully mobilized the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the masses, and supported rural revitalization with the endogenous motivation of the people.
The research team learned in Shibadong Village that an effective local practice is to combine typical guidance with positive motivation.
The first is to dig out advanced models of starting a business and getting rich among the masses.Online, villagers can learn about the changes in the village and learn about the typical local figures and advanced deeds through the live broadcast of Eighteen Holes Today every day. "Eighteen Holes Today" has broadcast live the touching stories of a number of typical figures, such as Long Jian, Long Jinli and Shi Yanqin, guiding all villagers with the things around them, and creating a strong atmosphere of being positive and striving to become a typical entrepreneur. In recent years, 32 households have been promoted by the media.
Second, positive incentives are provided through star-rated management of villagers’ ideology and morality.The villagers told the research team that the village regularly organized all villagers’ moral appraisal meetings, and even the 16-year-old villagers participated. According to the survey, the evaluation is based on the village group, and each household is rated in six aspects, such as law-abiding, social morality, self-reliance and civilized fashion. Each household is given an average score according to the number of family members, and the score results are announced on the spot and posted on the list. According to the score results, it is graded, and more than 90 points are posted with a "five-star" sign at the door. The masses scored "fighting for face" to grab the advanced, and their mental outlook has been greatly improved. Shi Jintong, secretary of the village branch, took the lead in giving up his responsibility field for free to help the construction of the village. Up to now, the village has invested more than 5,300 workers voluntarily, and voluntarily ceded and exchanged 136 mu of contracted land to support public welfare undertakings and infrastructure construction.
It is understood that on November 3 every year, Shibadong Village will hold a commemorative party for the first day of precision poverty alleviation and launch a "big evaluation and small award" activity. At the party, honorary certificates will be awarded to outstanding villagers such as "the most beautiful 18-hole man", "the most beautiful cleaner", "excellent party member", "the cleanest household" and "the most beautiful farmer" who have been selected through mass sea selection, group selection and online selection, and each person will be awarded a reward ranging from 300 to 1000 yuan.
Through the combination of typical guidance and positive encouragement, the masses have improved their sense of acquisition and happiness, and actively participated in the cause of rural revitalization. This is conducive to the transformation of villagers from "I want to be rich" to "I want to be rich" and "I can be rich".
The industrial development model of "seeking truth from facts and adapting to local conditions"
Mobilizing the masses is the foundation of rural revitalization, and developing industry is the key to rural revitalization.
During the on-the-spot investigation, the research team felt that Shibadong Village adapted to local conditions, insisted on vigorously developing rural industries, and industries such as characteristic planting, resource development and rural tourism flourished, and embarked on a road of sustainable development with production development, affluent life and good ecology.
Characteristic breeding industry is booming.According to local cadres, in view of the problem of "more people and less land", the village explored and implemented the "enclave economy" model in accordance with the idea of "jumping out of 18 holes and developing 18-hole industries". Miaohanzi Fruit Company in Shibadong Village, Huayuan County was established in the village, and 1,000 mu of land was transferred in the county agricultural park to build a boutique kiwifruit base through joint-stock cooperation. It was certified as an organic product and awarded as an "export demonstration base", and some villagers received dividends. The breeding industry is mainly based on native chickens and bees. Long Xianlan, a young man with "three noes" in the past, has become a "king of beekeeping". He not only keeps more than 400 boxes of bees himself, but also invites 18 villagers to form cooperatives to drive 118 households with 562 people to keep bees together, with an annual income of more than 1.5 million yuan.
Resource-based industries are in the ascendant.The intangible cultural heritage resources are mainly Miao Xiu. The village has set up cooperatives around Miao Xiu industry, signed cooperation agreements with enterprises such as CRRC Zhuzhou Machinery Co., Ltd. and local universities, innovated creative design, expanded Miao Xiu’s order business, and let 54 left-behind women find jobs at their doorstep, with an annual output value of more than 400,000 yuan in recent two years. The material resources are mainly the development of 18-hole mineral water. Enterprises have been introduced into the village to invest in Shanquan Waterworks, and annual dividends are paid to the village collectives in the form of "50+1". In the past two years, the annual dividends of the village collectives are 600,000 yuan. The benchmarking industry in Shibadong Village comes from the development of red resources. Around the party spirit education base, the youth research base and the patriotism education demonstration base, the village strives to build "three teams" of red tour guides, party spirit education teachers and red scarf lecturers, and create excellent red education classes, party spirit education classes and patriotism education classes. In 2021, it received more than 3,500 batches of study groups with more than 140,000 person-times. The 18-hole party history learning and education experience is listed in News Network and Briefing on Party History Learning and Education.
Eco-tourism industry is in full swing.Shibadong Village is one of the "Red Eight Scenery" in Xiaoxiang, Hunan Province. It was selected as one of the "100 Excellent Red Tourism Routes in the Centennial of the Founding of the Party" and "Beautiful Leisure Village in China" and was awarded the National 5A Scenic Spot. There are mountain canyons, jungle caves, traditional Miao villages, Miao songs and dances and other tourism resources in the village, which are hot spots for research and rural tourism. The village has built 18-hole tourist center, exhibition hall for poverty alleviation, e-commerce service station, specialty product store, financial service station, hiking trail, parking lot, signs and other tourism service facilities. There are 234 people in the village who participate in tourism services and surrounding industries, and there are more than 20 farmhouses and homestays, each with an average annual income of more than 200,000 yuan. In the past two years, the village has received 400,000 tourists a year, and achieved a tourism income of more than 10 million yuan.
The labor export industry continued to consolidate.The village has carried out vocational skills training for spare laborers, actively docked with the state human resources and social departments, opened an "18-hole" special train, and actively transported laborers to coastal developed areas such as Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, etc. In the past two years, 183 laborers in the village have been transferred to employment, increasing their income by more than 6 million yuan.
The rural construction mode of "keeping homesickness, keeping integrity and innovating"
Arriving at Lizizhai, an upgraded 18-hole village, tourists are everywhere, and the ancient village is full of vitality.
It is understood that Shibadong Village has established the general principle of "harmony between man and nature, harmony between construction and original ecology, and perfect combination of architecture and national characteristics" in accordance with the requirements of "no bonsai planting, no landscape setting" and "no specialization and no change", and has persisted in improving the infrastructure with the concept of "retaining homesickness", "repairing the old as before" and "building the countryside more like the countryside" At the same time, combined with the "Huayuan Garden Change Campaign", the "three treatments, three kinds and one innovation" were implemented in the whole village (toilet treatment, garbage treatment and sewage treatment; Planting trees, flowers and vegetables; Create a beautiful farmhouse).
The villagers in Shibadong village danced traditional songs and dances. Information picture
The research team saw that the front and back of the village houses were paved with green slates, and the transformation of the rural power grid was fully completed. Every household was connected with tap water, and every household used safe electricity. Those who were willing installed wireless networks. Up to now, 16.58 kilometers of village roads have been built in Shibadong Village, and all 225 houses in the village have been transformed and "toilet revolution", making the original houses more comfortable, livable and beautiful. With the combination of beautiful countryside and homesickness, Shibadong Village has been awarded as "Beautiful Leisure Village in China" and "the first batch of traditional village demonstration villages in China". The old people in the village also sang a happy life into Miao songs: "Miao people live in a gold and silver nest, and there are many resources in green waters and green mountains; Water, electricity and access, all live a good life. "
Shibadong Village has firmly established its cultural self-confidence in innovation, carried out great innovation in the new era in the inheritance of local civilization, and realized transformation and development on the basis of guarding the imprint of national culture.
Shibadong Village has also permeated the whole process of rural construction with the local traditions of respecting nature, conforming to nature and caring for nature, which has made the Miao village houses antique, the village appearance completely new, and fulfilled the villagers’ "dream of happiness and beauty". Greening, hardening, lighting, beautification and other construction and transformation have injected modern civilization elements into ancient villages. The imported art is full of vitality, and the local cultural skills are thick inside. Shibadong Village promotes the integration of cultural tourism and agricultural tourism, so that the thick culture can empower new industries, do a good job in the protection and development of Miao Miao Village in Miao Mountain, excavate and inherit the Miao Miao Song and Miao Dance Festival, and promote the creativity of Miao Xiu Miao Dyed Miao Food.
Highlight the true colors, and the local culture awakens the original power of the countryside; Art empowerment has activated the power of characteristic rural construction. The practical exploration on the road of rural revitalization makes the rural natural scenery, folk customs and ethnic traditions interact harmoniously.
Rural social model of "mutual assistance, five prosperity and common prosperity"
The rural grass-roots governance model of "mutual assistance and five prosperity" is a new contribution to the exploration of rural revitalization in Shibadong Village.
"Mutual Assistance and Five Prosperities" is a new grass-roots governance model of "Village Party Branch-Mutual Aid Group-Farmers" formed by summarizing and improving in practice in the 18-hole village. Specifically, it is the "1553" working mechanism, that is, a party member contacted five households to form a mutual aid group, from "learning mutual aid to promote ideas, producing mutual aid to promote industries, rural customs to promote civilization, neighborhood mutual aid to promote harmony, and green mutual aid to promote homes" A total of 41 mutual aid groups have been set up in the whole village, realizing the full coverage of party member and the masses, solving many things that the government can’t "guarantee", the family can’t "do" and the individual can’t "do", forming a joint force of "1+1 > 2". "Mutual assistance and five prosperity" was formed in tackling poverty and developed in rural revitalization, and achieved remarkable results in rural harmony and common prosperity.
The villagers in Shibadong Village celebrated traditional festivals with songs and dances. Information picture
Mutual assistance focuses on the revitalization of rural industries.For the industrial development of Shibadong Village, Long Dongjie, an old party member, pondered over persuading young people who went out to work to return to their hometowns to start businesses and provide support for the local industrial development. She went door-to-door to do ideological work, and repeatedly persuaded young people who went out to work to return to the 18 holes. The industry in the village was developed, the elderly and children were taken care of, and the life of the villagers became more and more prosperous. Villagers who start businesses first teach experience and technology, help other villagers start businesses, or directly attract surrounding villagers to become shareholders, thus realizing the full coverage of the whole village’s industries.
Mutual assistance is embodied in the road of running towards a well-off society together.Yang Chengjia, a villager, accidentally caught fire, his house burned down, and his belongings were gone. Yang Cheng suddenly got into trouble and sat on the charred ruins and wept bitterly. Yang Wuyu, an old branch secretary, is the leader of Yang Cheng’s mutual aid group. He sees it in his eyes and hurts in his heart. Yang Wuyu called on the villagers to help each other at the theme party day activities. Under his leadership, every household in the village donated money, with the help of the government, and donated more than two or three thousand yuan. Yang Cheng soon built the new house. The problem of villagers leaving their orders has been greatly changed under the mutual aid mode. Most single villagers have successfully left their orders, and "Meet 18 holes and run towards a well-off society hand in hand" has also become a brand program holding hands with Hunan Satellite TV.
Mutual assistance is implemented in the evaluation system.On the theme party day every month, everyone should comment on the mutual assistance activities of each group in that month, and the evaluation results will serve as an important basis for selection and commendation, promotion of joining the party, selection of reserve cadres, and distribution of collective economic benefits. Relying on the village-level collective economy, the village also established the "Mutual Assistance and Five Prosperities" bank in the 18-hole village. In their daily lives, villagers "exchange points with actions and goods with points". Everyone can exchange points coupons for daily necessities such as oil, salt, rice and flour at the "Huzhu Wuxing" bank and enjoy tangible benefits.
The goal of "mutual assistance and five prosperity" is common prosperity. Taking the "mutual assistance and five prosperity" group established by party member and the masses as the basic unit, taking the evaluation of central households (group leaders) in party member and the incentives for exchanging points in kind as the starting point, we will help each other in five aspects: study, production, rural customs, neighborhood and green, and combine individual prosperity with collective prosperity to make the whole village prosperous in life, industry and rural customs.
Grass-roots governance model of "branch leading, party member driving"
On the road to rural revitalization, Shibadong Village insists on strengthening the construction of grass-roots organizations, giving play to the role of "backbone" and "fixed star" of party organizations, exploring and promoting grass-roots governance mode according to the structure of "leading by branches and driving by party member", giving full play to the role of grass-roots party organizations as fighting bastions and the vanguard and exemplary role of party member, forming a vivid pattern of mutual help and mutual progress between the party and the masses.
Select the best and strengthen the branch team.Through the system of "double narration and double evaluation", we should pay attention to the selection of candidates who are political, literate, capable and prestigious; Recruit and train outstanding university student village officials to be responsible for village-level office and administrative matters, and improve the efficiency of village affairs; Actively develop party member, from 16 in 2013 to 36 now, including 11 young party member under the age of 35 and 15 party member with college degree or above, so as to realize the younger age structure of branches. A rural revitalization leading group with knowledge of rural areas, grounding gas, strong skills and vitality has significantly enhanced the combat effectiveness and cohesion of village branches.
Focus on building the "five modernizations" branch.According to the standardization of branch establishment, the branch is divided into four party groups, which are responsible for public services, rural tourism, agricultural production and so on. Highlight the refinement of management services, and set up eight types of service posts for party member, such as publicity and education, civilized persuasion and tourism information, to serve the masses in an all-round way; Promote the systematization of work system, and establish a scientific and complete work system around six aspects: organizational construction, village management, villagers’ deliberation and village supervision; Realize the normalization of organizational life, standardize and implement the basic systems such as "three meetings and one lesson", organizing life meetings and democratic appraisal of party member; Focus on the standardization of position construction, build a village-level service platform, set up a convenience service center, party member activity room, etc., and implement the online service platform of "Xiangxi e-Road Link". Villagers can’t go out of the village and handle various village-level affairs in various forms, and the satisfaction rate of the masses to the two committees of the village branch has increased from 68% to over 98%. Through the "five modernizations" construction, the Party branch will be truly built into a strong fighting fortress for rural revitalization.
Highlight the leading role of the Party branch.In Shibadong Village, a party group was established on the farmer cooperative organization, industrial chain and village grid, and four service party groups were set up, namely, industrial prosperity, rural tourism, public service and sunset red. Members of the branch committee took the initiative to take the lead as leaders of new economic organizations such as Village Miao Xiu Company and Kiwi Cooperative. Send branch members to economic organizations such as Shibadong Mountain Spring Water Co., Ltd. and Huayuan Eighteen Cave Tourism Development Co., Ltd. as party building instructors to guide the important decision-making of the company. The tentacles of the party organization have achieved full coverage in the fields of economic development, public welfare undertakings, public security and stability in the 18-hole village, which has effectively led the development of the village and really played a leading role: there is no money to make up for the road construction in the village, and party member Long Taijin took the initiative to say "Dig from my home first"; The village needs land to build a bacon workshop, and Shi Shunlian, the old branch secretary, voluntarily changed his contracted land to the villagers who occupied the land.
After completing the task of getting rid of poverty as scheduled, Shibadong village has comprehensively marked the strategy of rural revitalization, and achieved certain results in "prosperous industry, ecologically livable, civilized rural customs, effective governance and affluent life", and its series of fruitful practices have been promoted in Xiangxi and even Hunan Province.
(Member of the research team: Mao Panyun, a researcher at the base of Hunan Institute of Humanities and Science and a professor at Huzhou College, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theoretical System Research Center, Hunan Province; Guangming Daily reporters Long Jun, Yan Aihua and Zhao Jiawei wrote: Mao Panyun, Long Jun, Yan Aihua and Zhao Jiawei)
Guangming Daily (January 26, 2022, 05 edition)