Last year, the banking supervision system issued six billion-dollar fines, and banks such as Guangfa, Postal Savings and Xingye were shot.

　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client, January 20th (Li Pengfei) Strong supervision showed the power of thunder at the beginning of the new year in 2018: On January 19th, the China Banking Regulatory Commission announced that the Sichuan Banking Regulatory Bureau imposed a fine of 462 million yuan on Chengdu Branch of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank for illegally issuing loans, which is also the first 100 million-yuan fine announced by the banking supervision system this year.

　　Looking back on the banking industry in 2017, the number of fines is not only dense, but also fines exceeding 10 million or even hundreds of millions are not uncommon. Which banks were unfortunately shot? What are the main areas of huge fines? The Zhongxin Jingwei client (micro signal: jwview) will sort it out for you one by one.

　　In 2017, the fines of banking institutions exceeded 10 times that of 2016.

　　2017 is undoubtedly the year of strict supervision of the banking industry. Guo Shuqing, Chairman of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, stressed "strong supervision" at the press conference of the State Council Office on March 2. Since then, from the end of March to April, the China Banking Regulatory Commission has continuously issued documents, officially launching the "3340" special governance, and the efforts to rectify financial chaos are unprecedented.

　　According to the data of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, in 2017, the whole system made a total of 3,452 administrative punishment decisions, including 1,877 punishment institutions, with a fine of 2.932 billion yuan; 1,547 responsible persons were punished, including a total fine of 37.594 million yuan, and 270 related responsible persons were disqualified for a certain period of time until they were engaged in banking and senior management for life.

　　Compare the data in 2016: In 2016, the CBRC punished 631 banking institutions, with a fine of 270 million yuan and 422 financial practitioners. It can be seen that the number of institutions punished in 2017 is three times that of 2016, and the amount of fines is 10 times that of 2016! Regardless of the quantity or the amount of fines, the penalties in 2017 far exceeded those in 2016.

　　In November 2017, Wang Zhaoxing, vice chairman of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, once said, "At present, the amount of administrative punishment has set a new record of 10 million yuan, and there may be penalties of 100 million yuan in the future. I hope that banks will firmly remember that violations of laws and regulations may bring in 10 million yuan of income, but it is very likely that they will face a penalty of 35 million yuan in the future. "

　　In the following month and a half, the CBRC issued at least six fines of over 100 million yuan.

　　At the end of the year, six tickets of over 100 million yuan were issued in February! Interbank, bill minefield

　　According to the incomplete statistics of the Zhongxin Jingwei client (micro-signal: jwview), the banking supervision system has issued at least 15 huge fines with fines exceeding 10 million yuan since 2017, with a total fine of 2.145 billion yuan. Among them, six tickets were fined more than 100 million yuan, with a total amount of 1.934 billion yuan, accounting for 66% of the total fines of the banking supervision system in the whole year.

　　In terms of time, these huge fines appeared in December (9 tickets), followed by November (3 tickets). In December, the amount of fines issued in a single month reached 1.337 billion yuan, accounting for 62.3% of the total fines of 15 tickets in the whole year. It is worth mentioning that in November, China Banking Regulatory Commission issued the first fine of over 100 million yuan in the history of China Banking Regulatory Commission: Guangfa Bank was fined 722 million yuan for the case of Huizhou Branch’s illegal guarantee of "overseas Chinese debts", accounting for nearly 8% of its net profit in 2016. This is also the biggest ticket issued by the banking supervision system so far, second only to it is the 521 million yuan ticket issued by the Beijing Banking Regulatory Bureau to the Postal Savings Bank in December.

　　The Zhongxin Jingwei client (micro-signal: jwview) combed and found that the tens of millions-level ticket in December could not circumvent the violation guarantee case of Guangfa Bank, and the fined banks were all relevant funding institutions in this case. A case involved disputes between more than 20 financial institutions, and the issue of overseas Chinese bonds and the "radish stamp" became a landmark event for the CBRC to rectify the risks of financial interbank business and shadow banking. The CBRC imposed a co-existence fine of more than 2 billion on the banking institutions involved.

　　"The violations of these institutions are bad in nature and have serious consequences. Only by being strict in accordance with the law can they learn a profound lesson and form a sufficient warning role for the industry and the market." The China Banking Regulatory Commission said. In fact, the rectification of inter-bank business runs through the banking supervision throughout 2017. As early as the beginning of 2017, the banking system had carried out a large-scale self-examination, in which interbank arbitrage deposit certificates and interbank arbitrage supervision were the focus of rectification.

　　In addition, bill business operation violations have also become the focus of punishment, mainly related to the frequent occurrence of bill risk cases in the previous year, and bill business has become a high-risk area. In March, Huaxia Bank and Ping An Bank issued two tickets exceeding 10 million, both of which were related to bill business.

　　Among the 24 illegal facts listed by Huaxia Bank, nearly half are related to bill business: Jinan Heping Road Sub-branch misappropriated credit funds to honor bank acceptance bills and purchase structured deposits, and used them as collateral to open bank acceptance bills; Nanjing Branch, Wenzhou Branch, Guangzhou Branch and many other branches have illegally bought and sold back (sold and repurchased) commercial acceptance bills; Beijing Branch misappropriates credit funds to honor due bank acceptance bills and so on.

　　Ping An Bank was fined 16.7 million yuan, which was also related to the illegal operation of bill business, specifically, it did not strictly examine the authenticity of trade background to handle bill acceptance and discount business.

　　In addition, in November, China Agricultural Bank Beijing Branch was fined 19.5 million yuan for buying and selling bills and illegally borrowing funds to earn fees and spreads, and the amount involved was 3.9 billion yuan, which seriously violated the principle of prudent operation.

　　Citibank was fined more than 10 million yuan for illegal housing loans.

　　For banks, housing-related loans are undoubtedly the top priority of credit business. Although the regulatory authorities have repeatedly stressed that "strictly control the risks of real estate financial business, including prohibiting illegal issuance or misappropriation of credit funds into the real estate sector", such violations are still not uncommon.

　　Among the fines exceeding 10 million yuan, the only foreign bank that was fined was related to housing-related loans: in August 2017, Shanghai Banking Regulatory Bureau announced a fine for Citibank, with a total amount of 10.64 million yuan. One of the reasons was that from January to October 2015, some branches of Citibank violated interest rate regulations when issuing some real estate loans.

　　It is worth noting that the China Banking Regulatory Commission issued a sky-high fine of 722 million yuan to Guangfa Bank, and the cause of action also involved granting loans to real estate development enterprises with working capital loans. Among the 24 violations of Huaxia Bank’s tens of millions of fines, it also includes that the real estate loan funds of a branch are not in place, and the loan funds are used to inflate deposits.

　　According to Feng Yujiao, Risk Management Department of bank of dalian Financial Market, there were 109 fines related to real estate issued by CBRC in 2017. "Housing-related" tickets can be divided into three categories. First, there are 55 illegal loans to real estate enterprises. Second, there are 44 acts of illegally issuing housing mortgage loans to individuals; Third, there were 12 illegal flows of credit funds into the real estate sector.

　　Judging from the amount of punishment, the punishment for the first kind of violations is the strongest. The tens of millions of tickets issued by the local banking regulatory bureau to Citibank and the "sky-high ticket" issued by the China Banking Regulatory Commission to Guangfa all involve the illegal issuance of loans to real estate enterprises. Judging from the different reasons of this kind of illegal behavior, such as the illegal use of loan funds to take land, the issuance of loans to real estate companies with four certificates, and the illegal issuance of working capital loans to real estate enterprises, the punishment for the illegal use of loan funds to take land is the heaviest.

　　According to china securities journal, over the years, bank funds have been nested and packaged, and the final flow is often the real estate market. "A few in 2017 ‘ Sky-high ticket ’ The shock to the industry is great, and the head office has explicitly prohibited us from providing any form of credit to real estate enterprises that are not on the list of the head office. " The person in charge of a joint-stock bank Jiangsu and Zhejiang branch said.

　　In 2018, the 22 key remediation areas deployed by the China Banking Regulatory Commission once again "named" the chaos of violating credit policies and real estate industry policies. Ceng Gang, deputy director of the National Finance and Development Laboratory, said that in 2017, the financial chaos has achieved remarkable results, but it is necessary to consolidate the rectification results and maintain a high-pressure situation in key areas. While further rectifying, the CBRC has continuously improved its supervision system.