上海花千坊爱上海-上海后花园论坛-夜上海龙凤419论坛

At 0: 00 Beijing time on November 21st, 2022, FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 will officially kick off in 2022. As a large-scale sports event in the world every four years, the World Cup always attracts many people’s attention.

However, most netizens may not always pay attention to football matches, watching people around them talk about the World Cup in full swing, but they don’t know how to join the topic. What should I do? Don’t panic,CCTV News World Cup series feature "Come and watch the ball! 》Take you for 10 minutes to learn something about football.

A few things you need to know about football and the World Cup.

one There are 11 players from each side in the football match, and these 11 players also bear different responsibilities. The goalkeeper is mainly responsible for guarding the goal; The defender is mainly responsible for the team’s defense; The midfielder is mainly responsible for organizing and dispatching, intercepting the ball and making offensive; The striker is mainly responsible for attacking the city and pulling out the village for the team.

2 The regular time of a football match is 90 minutes, and the first half is 45 minutes each.

three If the two sides are tied in the regular time and the winner must be decided, it will take 30 minutes of overtime.

four After the overtime, if the two sides are still tied, a penalty shootout is needed. The players on both sides decided the outcome of the game by shooting penalties at each other.

△ Penalty shootout-one of the most exciting links in football match

five In FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022, each team can change five players in a game at regular time. In the knockout stage, if you enter overtime, each team can get an extra substitution quota.

six However, the replaced players can no longer play, which is different from basketball and volleyball. So, if you see a player playing badly, don’t angrily accuse him: "Why don’t someone else go up quickly?" After all, substitution is a technical job, and the head coach of the team may be more worried than you.

seven There are no players such as Ronaldinho, Kaka, Beckham and Rooney in this World Cup. They used to be the stars of the shining World Cup, but now they have hung up their boots and retired.

eight There are no Jordan, James, Curry and Durant on the American team. They are all basketball players. Don’t confuse them.

nine There are no clubs such as Real Madrid, Barcelona, Manchester United and Bayern in the World Cup. Players only represent the associations of their countries or regions.

10 In addition to Italy’s regret, teams familiar to everyone, such as Brazil, Argentina, France, Germany, Spain and England, all came to Qatar. Cristiano Ronaldo, Lionel Messi, Neymar and Mbappé are not absent. The group list of the World Cup finals is listed by Xiaobian for you:

Do you still use "staying up late to explode your liver" in this World Cup?

A bad news and a good news.The bad news is that there are still many wonderful games in this World Cup that kick off at 3:00 am Beijing time. The strong dialogue in the group stage (for example, Spain VS Germany) and almost half of the competitions in the knockout stage are arranged at this time. The good news is that the kick-off time of the final is 23: 00 on December 18th, Beijing time, and the finish time is about 1: 00 on December 19th. In this final, you don’t need to set an alarm clock at two or three o’clock at night to watch the whole game with sleepiness.

I wonder which one to watch. Xiaobian helps you with your ideas.

France is the defending champion of the World Cup, with many stars, while Denmark ranks 10th in the world. In last year’s European Cup, it also reached the top four, with strong strength. It is worth mentioning that in the last three encounters between the two sides, the Danish team remained unbeaten against France with 2 wins and 1 draw. This game is a strong dialogue worth looking forward to.

Two traditional strong teams, both of which have won the World Cup, will stage a "Mars hit the earth"-like confrontation in the group stage. Although the two teams are close in world ranking and paper strength, Spain beat Germany 6-0 in the last European League match. In this World Cup, there is no shortage of highlights in the contest between the two teams.

Both teams are led by the world’s top strikers. Who can lead the team to victory, lewandowski of the Polish team or Messi of the Argentine team, deserves attention.

In the 2002 World Cup in Korea and Japan, the two teams competed for qualifying in the final round of the group stage. In that game, two players of Portugal were sent off by red cards, while South Korea scored a goal in the dominant position, which knocked Portugal out of the group. Now, 20 years later, what will be the result of the second match between the two sides in the history of the World Cup? The game is worth watching.

For many people, when watching a football match, if you don’t know any of the 22 players on the field, you may be sleepy before you see half of the 90-minute game. How to choose when you don’t watch the ball and face 32 strange teams and players?

If you only know Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo …

For those who rarely watch football and only know Ronaldo and Messi when it comes to football, choose to watch.Portugal, ArgentinaThe match between the two teams is a good choice. Of course, in addition to these two core players, the two teams also have many world-class stars in other positions.

Portugal has a luxurious lineup, with midfielder Fernandez and defender Diaz having great strength in their respective positions. Cristiano Ronaldo, who is 37 years old, has not been in a satisfactory state recently. This World Cup is also the last chance for the star who has been playing for Portugal for nearly 20 years to realize his dream of winning the World Cup.

Similar to Cristiano Ronaldo, this tournament is also likely to be the 35-year-old Messi’s last World Cup. Unlike Cristiano Ronaldo, Messi has been in relatively good shape recently. In addition to Messi, lautaro Martinez is a stable attack point for Argentina, while Romero and other players can provide Argentina with defense protection.

If you are keen on enjoying the feeling of victory …

Brazil and France, the two favourites to win the World Cup, can pay attention.

Brazil has a team that can hit the championship. In many positions, there are excellent players in the team, even substitutes, who can reach world-class standards. The only fly in the ointment is the position of full-back, and the relatively short talent pool may become Brazil’s weakness.

The French team has the world’s top player Mbappé, the young midfield star Chuameni, and the defensive line with a talent blowout. However, the football match has never been a competition of paper strength. In this year’s European League, France lost to Denmark twice, and it is hard to win in the face of Croatia. The strength of the players in the French team can be said to be the top 32, but how to arrange a suitable starting lineup and let the players exert their greatest strength is also a problem that coach Deschamps needs to consider.

If you want to chase an unpopular team …

If you don’t like conformity, then Xiaobian recommends it to you.Senegal, DenmarkTwo teams that are expected to make great achievements in this World Cup.

Senegalese, the African champion, has world-class stars such as coulibaly and Eduardo Mendi in the team, and the team members basically play in the five major leagues in Europe, so their strength cannot be underestimated. The withdrawal of the top star, Mane, due to injury will affect the strength of the team to some extent, but in the group stage, Senegal still has strong competitiveness.

Denmark ranks 10th in the FIFA world rankings. In last year’s European Cup, the team reached the top four without Eriksson, the core of the team. Today, Eriksson has recovered from injury, and players such as Heibel are in the prime of their careers, which makes Denmark a team worth looking forward to in this tournament.

If you pay more attention to face value …

For fans who are concerned about players’ face value, Xiaobian recommends several "drop-dead gorgeous" in their respective teams.

Of course, the judgment of face value varies from person to person. In the one-month competition, I believe you will also find your own football star.

As a true fan, if you see beautiful passes and goals, you can only say "this ball is awesome!" " It would be unprofessional. Xiaobian has prepared a set of necessary terms for you to watch the ball, turning the commentator’s "heavenly book" into an easy-to-understand language and chatting happily with friends.

formation

In a game, we often hear commentators mention 4-4-2, 4-3-3, 4-2-3-1, 3-5-2 and other formations. In most cases, the number at the top of the formation name represents the number of guards, the number at the bottom represents the number of strikers, and the number in the middle is the number of midfielders, excluding the goalkeeper. As shown in the figure below

According to the team’s staffing, tactics and opponents’ situation, the head coach may arrange various formations. "Changing the array" can often become a magic weapon for a team to defeat the enemy.

"Forbidden area", bottom line and sideline

Look at the picture ↓↓↓↓

corner

The defender kicked (touched) the ball out of his own baseline and the attacker got a corner kick.

△ Corner kick should be taken from a specific corner kick area (data map)

penalty kick

The defender fouls or intentionally handballs in his own restricted area, and the attacker gets a penalty.

wave of the world

It means a wonderful goal. If you see a shocking and unforgettable goal in the game, you can say, "This is a world wave!" "

"Score twice", "hat trick" and "Big Four Happiness"

A player who scores two goals in a game is called "scoring twice", scoring three goals is called "hat trick" and scoring four goals is called "big four happiness".

own goal

Our players kick (throw) the ball into their own goal to help their opponents score.

△ There is no doubt that this is indeed an own goal that has appeared in the official competition.

VAR

Video Assistant Referee (video assistant referee). Through video playback technology, they help the referee to correct mistakes and omissions and improve the accuracy of the penalty.

△ In the last World Cup, VAR already appeared in the competition.

yellow card

When a player commits a relatively serious foul, the referee will show a yellow card to warn him. Some commentators also call it the "Golden God of War Card".

red card

If a player commits a serious foul or gets two yellow cards in total, the referee will show a red card. Players who get a red card must leave the stadium, which some commentators also call "the Ruby God of War Card".

offside

Offside is one of the most complicated rules in football. To put it simply, the commentator said that the ball was offside, so nine times out of ten it was offside …

Seeing this, you must have known something about football and this World Cup. Tomorrow at 0: 00 am, prepare fried chicken for drinks, or put a hot pot on the shelf, and watch and talk about the ball together!

Source of this article: CCTV News WeChat WeChat official account

Producer/Li Zhe

Editor/Jiang Anqi

Cartography/Meng Xianglong Huang Xutian Gao Mengru

Proofreading/Gao Shaozhuo

Original title: Where have all the leftovers in "The Life I yearn for" gone? Have they all been dumped? What a waste

"The Life I yearn for" received a lot of attention and praise when it was broadcast in the first season. In such a fast-paced life, the life in the mushroom house is very leisurely, and almost all the guests who went to be guests praised this life. Now, "The Life I yearn for" has been broadcast in the fourth season. In this latest season, the mushroom house has also welcomed many guests and friends.

Stills of "The Life I yearn for"

In addition to this laid-back, quiet and harmonious living atmosphere, what impressed everyone should be the dishes cooked by teacher Huang Lei. I have to say that the dishes cooked by teacher Huang Lei really feast your eyes on many viewers in front of the screen, and the saliva can’t stop. In the previous issue of the Water-sprinkling Festival, just in time for the local year of 2022, Mr. Huang Lei made a full-fledged Manchu-Chinese dish, which made Seven and Allen Timmy Xu all let go of their bellies, leaving their bodies behind. Indeed, who can control the temptation of this table?

Stills of "The Life I yearn for"

But what should I do if I can’t finish the rest of the dishes on such a big table? Dump it all? Wouldn’t that be a waste? For these leftovers, when everyone was clearing the table, Teacher Huang Lei said, "The salted duck eggs are kept, as well as ribs and fish." Later, Orfila also said, "The same dishes are put together." Later, Zifeng Zhang also covered these dishes with plastic wrap and put them in the refrigerator. It seems that these dishes will still be eaten later.

Huang Lei said that the remaining duck eggs were kept.

In this way, waste is avoided. Although they are stars, they are also doing programs, but they are also very frugal. Like ordinary people, they also have a touch of family temperament and are more warm.

"Life I yearn for" photo

Editor in charge:

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　　December 19, 2023　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Xinhua News Agency, Geneva, October 31 (Reporter Shan Lei) On October 31, FIFA announced that Saudi Arabian Football Association was the only football association to submit an application for hosting the 2034 Football World Cup before the deadline.

FIFA confirmed that it has received an application from Saudi Arabia to host the 2034 World Cup, and Saudi Arabia is the only country that has expressed its interest in hosting the 2034 World Cup.

Previously, FIFA had announced that the only application for hosting the 2030 World Cup was jointly submitted by the Football Associations of Morocco, Portugal and Spain. At present, these three countries have confirmed their willingness to bid. As the centenary celebration of the World Cup will be held in 2030, FIFA plans to hold a World Cup in Uruguay, Argentina and Paraguay, and these three countries have also confirmed their willingness to host the World Cup.

Like Morocco, Portugal and Spain, Saudi Arabia still needs to pass the FIFA audit. If these bidding countries can meet the requirements of FIFA and go through the whole bidding process, then FIFA will determine its right to host at the FIFA General Assembly at the end of 2024. (End)

We all know that China has a history of 5,000 years, but it is estimated that few people know which dynasties, founders and years have existed in these 5,000 years.

Xia Shang, Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou were divided into two halves; Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period unified Qin and Han Dynasties; Three-point Wei Shuwu, extended before and after the Jin Dynasty; The Northern and Southern Dynasties stood side by side, and the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties passed;

After the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the dynasty ended.

We should all recite this historical dynasty song, but it is a main framework and not comprehensive. Let’s take a look at the specific content together.

1. Xia Dynasty

The Xia Dynasty was founded by Yu, formed by his son Xia Qi, survived for 470 years by seventeen emperors, and finally died in Xia Jie.

2. Shang Dynasty

Shang Tang established the Shang Dynasty in about 1600 BC, and died in Shang Zhouwang in about 1046 BC, surviving for 554 years.

3. Western Zhou Dynasty

Zhou Wuwang Ji Fa was founded in about 1046 BC and died in 771 BC, totaling 275 years.

4. Eastern Zhou Dynasty

Ji Yijiu, Zhou Pingwang, was founded in 770 BC and died in 221 BC, surviving for 514 years, including the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

5. Qin Dynasty

Ying Zheng, the first Qin Emperor, unified the six countries and established the Qin Dynasty in 221 BC. He died in Hu Hai, Qin Ershi in 207 BC and lived for 15 years.

6. Western Chu Dynasty

The overlord Xiang Yu was founded in 207 BC, which nominally unified most of the territory in the late Qin Dynasty and lived together for four years.

7. Western Han Dynasty

Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, defeated Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, and established the Western Han Dynasty in 202 BC. In 8 AD, he was usurped by his consort Wang Mang and survived for 210 years.

8. Wang Mang’s new dynasty

Wang Mang, the consort of the Western Han Dynasty, was founded in 8 AD and was overthrown by greenwood hero in 23 AD, with a total of 1 emperor and survived for 16 years.

9. Xuan Han

In 23 AD, Liu Xuan proclaimed himself emperor and restored the Han Dynasty, nominally restoring the rule of the Han Dynasty and recovering most of the territory in the late Western Han Dynasty. Xuanhan belonged to make a new start regime and only existed for two years.

10. Eastern Han Dynasty

Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, was founded in 25 AD and died in 220 AD, surviving for 195 years.

11. Three Kingdoms Period

Wei, Shu and Wu were the three kingdoms, represented by Cao Cao, Liu Bei and Sun Quan, for a total of 60 years.

12. Western Jin Dynasty

Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, established the Western Jin Dynasty in 265 AD, which ended the tripartite confrontation between the three countries and realized the unification of the country. A total of four emperors lived for 51 years.

13. Eastern Jin Dynasty

Si Marui, Emperor of the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, was founded in 317 AD and died in 420 AD, surviving for 103 years.

14. Sixteen Kingdoms Period

Sixteen countries are not one of the most chaotic periods in our history. For a total of 135 years, the sixteen countries were: Qianliang, Chenghan, Qianzhao, Houzhao, Beiliang, Xiliang, Houliang, Nanliang, Qianyan, Houyan, Southern Yan, Beiyan, Xia, Qianqin, Xiqin and Houqin.

15. Southern Dynasties

From 420 AD to 589 AD, the Southern Dynasties lasted for 169 years. There were four dynasties: Song Dynasty, Qi Dynasty, Liang Dynasty and Chen Dynasty.

16. Northern Dynasties

From 439 to 581 AD, there were five dynasties, namely Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi and Northern Zhou, which survived for 142 years.

17. Sui Dynasty

Emperor Wen of Sui, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, ended the division of the country and achieved reunification. The Sui Dynasty was established in 581 AD, with two emperors. Emperor Yangdi Yang Guang died in 618 AD.

18. Tang Dynasty

In 618 AD, Li Yuan proclaimed himself emperor and founded the Tang Dynasty, and he lived for 289 years.

19. Wu Zhou

Wu Zhou was a dynasty established by Wu Zetian and the only feminist dynasty in China. It existed from 690 to 705 A.D. for 15 years, with only one emperor.

20, Five Dynasties

From 907 to 960, there were three dynasties, namely, Houliang, Houtang, Houjin, Houhan and HouFriday, which survived for 53 years.

21. Ten countries

The ten countries are: Qianshu, Yangwu, wuyue, Machu, Min, Nanhan, Nanping, Houshu, Nantang, Beihan, etc., with a total survival of 88 years.

22. Northern Song Dynasty

Zhao Kuangyin, Song Taizu established the Song Dynasty and reunified the country. It survived for 167 years and died in 1127.

23. Southern Song Dynasty

The founder, Zhao Gou, Song Gaozong, existed from 1127 to 1279, with a total of 152 years.

24. Liao Dynasty

The founder, Yelu Abaoji, lived for 218 years from 907 to 1125.

25. Xixia

Li Yuanhao, the Emperor Jingzong of Xia Dynasty, was founded in 1038, experienced 189 years and died in 1227.

26, rulers

Akuta was founded in 1115-1234, with a total of 119 years.

27. Yuan Dynasty

The founder, Kublai Khan of Yuan Taizu, lived for 97 years from 1271 to 1368.

28. Ming Dynasty

Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, was a real self-made emperor in the history of China. The Ming Dynasty existed for 276 years, was founded in 1368 and was destroyed in 1644.

29. Qing Dynasty

The founding emperor of the Qing Dynasty was Nurhachi. According to historical records, the real Qing Dynasty should be counted from the entry of Huang Taiji, and the former was called the later Jin Dynasty. From 1636 to 1912, it existed for 276 years and was the last feudal dynasty in China.

Fashion and decent modeling should not only care about the design of clothes, but also consider whether the look and feel of their combination are harmonious and eye-catching. This is the most important link to test women’s collocation ability. For ordinary people, there is no need to care too much about whether the design can keep up with the trend. As long as the dressing skills are used reasonably, the basic items can also be dressed in a foreign style.

Skill 1: Appropriate use of pattern elements in modeling

In the vibrant summer, many interesting patterns will frequently appear in the public’s field of vision, and whether it is printed elements or stripe design, don’t forget to balance the shape with solid colors.

For those women who love to dress up, nothing can set off a romantic atmosphere better than flowers, just like a printed coat with yellow and purple tulip flowers on the surface, which is not saturated enough and looks shallow and soft, and will not make people have too much control pressure.

Printed patterns can certainly enhance the fashion temperament of the appearance, but not all patterns are pleasing to the eye. You’d better choose some light colors with white as the base, so as not to look cumbersome or boring.

The shirt is printed in fine blue, which looks very small and fresh. The bottom is combined with jeans in the same color, which not only echoes, but also superimposes a more stylish and advanced feeling.

The unique versatile advantage of white shirt can combine many different patterns, among which stripes are the most classic, especially the thin stripe design, which can create a more delicate feeling.

Striped shirts are not as romantic as printed designs. On the contrary, stripes can reflect the professional sense of shirts, making them look more capable and stylish, which is very suitable for women in the workplace.

Compared with tops with rich patterns, some female friends prefer to arrange the patterns in the bottoms to reduce the impact on the face.

In the process of wearing, the white shirt is matched with the printed skirt, and the combination of simplicity and complexity is full of harmony without losing the fashion charm.

Tip 2: Pay more attention to fashion design.

If you want to make the shape fit your own style, then clothing design can’t be ignored. For example, the neckline shape and the width of the version are all important factors that affect the appearance.

Women with excellent physical conditions can easily control all kinds of clothes, but ordinary people’s bodies will always have some shortcomings, such as a short neck is a key point to weaken their temperament. At this time, we should pay more attention to the neckline design of the jacket, pay attention to whether there is an appropriate exposed area, and avoid the narrow neckline to create a more formal and unnatural feeling.

The U-neck design used in the T-shirt can show the graceful clavicle, and at the same time, it can also pull down the neck line, thus modifying the face or shoulder line.

V-neck is also an effective design to improve the neck lines. Compared with U-neck or square face, it will have a stronger sense of extension of lines and it is easier to wear a stretched and elegant image.

For example, a white shirt uses the V-neck design to create a more outstanding temperament, while the bow ribbon design can also highlight a lighter atmosphere with white and enhance the interpretation of intellectual style.

The purpose of effective wearing is to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses. Compared with the flaws in the upper body, the leg shape can not be ignored. If there is fat in the legs or the leg shape is not popular enough, women can wear wide-leg pants, which are simple and beautiful, fashionable and casual.

Tip 3: Pay attention to proportion when dressing.

Clothing with a narrow outline will easily expose body defects, and loose clothing is not so good to wear. If you don’t pay attention to highlighting the waistline, you may feel crushed. Wide-leg pants are especially popular in summer, which makes people comfortable and cool to wear, and can accommodate the lack of legs, and contains a lazy and casual atmosphere.

However, this kind of clothing with too wide and loose version will strengthen the sense of volume in the horizontal direction, so we must pay attention to the vertical division of modeling in order to avoid the problem of being fat and heavy. We can learn from the classic wearing method and stretch the proportion by "short on the top and long on the bottom".

"Every piece of clothing is behind a life."

Behind the fast fashion clothing brands that are popular all over the world today are "sweatshops", the British documentary BBC quoted the interviewees as saying.

A professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong once put forward the concept of "low-end globalization", which means that the raw materials behind a cup of coffee, a piece of clothing and a mobile phone are actually quite cheap.

Those developed countries that master the upstream technology independently complete the relevant design work, but they rely on workers in some underdeveloped areas to grow cotton, process clothes and assemble mobile phones, and then pay these workers extremely low remuneration, and finally sell their products at high prices, thus making a lot of profits.

This seems to be exaggerated, but in fact it is an out-and-out fact.

So, what kind of secret is hidden behind the fast fashion brand?

ZARA, Uniqlo … Since the 21st century, such fast fashion brands can be seen everywhere. They marched into major shopping malls all over the country, attracting the eyes of girls or men, which made them excited.

The reason why these fast fashion brands can last for a long time is that they can constantly innovate and design styles that are more popular and more popular with consumers.

At the same time, its low price is particularly "close to the people" for some college students with low consumption level and young people who go in and out of the workplace. Therefore, based on the above two reasons, fast fashion brands have become the main force in low-end shopping malls and even high-end shopping malls.

But I wonder if readers have ever wondered why these fast fashion brands can win the market with low prices. Is it because other clothing brands have too much premium? Or because of other unknown reasons?

Compared with fast fashion brands, some clothing brands are expensive, but the layout they design seems to be no different from other ordinary brands.

Especially in the current street fashion of luxury goods, a white shirt printed with the logo of luxury brands can be priced at several thousand yuan.

Presumably, some readers will also wonder, when the eye-catching logo disappears, how many consumers will the luxury goods with ordinary but expensive design attract?

This is actually directly related to the positioning of luxury goods. The main crowd of fast fashion brands is young people. The consumption level of 90% of young people can’t afford expensive luxury goods, and luxury goods are essentially customized for the rich.

The physical store under the luxury line focuses on the noble service experience. Take Beijing as an example, in some high-end shopping malls, luxury stores will get the body size of the guests in advance, and then hire stars who are almost completely commensurate with the body size of the guests to try on the clothes, which saves the guests a lot of trouble. The guests only need to watch the whole process and do not need to try on the clothes in person-this is almost a high-end service with a 100% favorable rate.

In addition to the main quality service, what luxury goods do is to let the rich feel the fact that "I have money".

Therefore, even if it is a dress with a very common design style, its price will not be reduced. At this time, luxury goods are not only a piece of clothing, but also a symbol of consumption power and wealth level.

Of course, there are also some luxury users who have a soft spot for luxury goods. Some fashion designers, after trying on a large number of luxury clothes, said that the clothes of luxury brands have a unique role in body modification, which ordinary brands can’t understand. Whether its words are true or not is only for readers to understand.

In fact, I have said so much to point out that the low pricing of fast fashion brands is actually decided by the merchants themselves, and it has little to do with the competition of other brands-all the competitors of fast fashion brands are other fast fashion brands.

The price of one company has become lower, and the other company has quickly launched preferential activities, which has led to a continuous decline in prices. But with the continuous reduction of the price, won’t it eventually lose money?

However, the prices of these fast fashion brand clothes seem to be beyond the bottom line. There are two 99 yuan and one 59 yuan brands everywhere in the shopping malls.

What is this? How can the price of fast fashion brands be so low? This has to start with the foundry of fast fashion brand clothing production.

Second, the origin of low prices of fast fashion brands

For ordinary people, there are four seasons in 365 days a year. But for fast fashion brands, there are 52 seasons in a year, and the main fashion style has only one week’s shelf life. After a week, your own style may be eliminated by the market.

There is also a subtle meaning of this elimination, that is, fast fashion brands will find that other fast fashion brands have also made newer and cheaper clothes after imitating their own styles.

In addition, this week’s shelf life is also related to the design cycle of the fast fashion brand itself. In order to win a place among the fast fashion brands that have sprung up like mushrooms after rain, they must constantly update, and this update cycle is faster than the chip crisis that everyone was afraid of, and the whole process from design to sales is often completed every two weeks. After that, it will take another week to eliminate the latest clothing styles.

How to make your own brand design faster and produce faster has become the pursuit goal of all fast fashion brands.

In the design process, it must be handled by the designer who is in charge of himself, and the time must be relatively generous. If you rush, it may reduce the quality of the design style and thus lose a large number of customer groups.

In this way, we can only compress the time as much as possible from the production process. For developed countries such as the United States and Japan, there are clear requirements for working hours in China. With the improvement of working intensity and the increase of overtime hours, factories must pay corresponding remuneration, which makes the cost of fast fashion brand production greatly increase, which is obviously not what manufacturers like.

Therefore, many fast fashion brands outsource their production to Southeast Asia in Asia, such as Bangladesh, Vietnam and Cambodia. These countries do not have strict labor protection laws and a relatively well-formed industrial system, and can only rely on external investment to earn foreign exchange. Therefore, the local government is even willing to help foreign enterprises "squeeze" their own workers.

The BBC once filmed a documentary called "The Real Cost" to show people what kind of working environment those squeezed groups are facing.

In Cambodia, there are 100 employees in a room of only 100 square meters. Everyone has a small space, and all food and drink must be solved in the seat. When overtime is the worst, you have to work for 12 hours a day.

What kind of 18 hours is this?

The factory is full of flying cotton wool, and the roar of machines is endless. All kinds of waste gas have been wandering in the factory without any filtration. They are not living, but living.

These workers have hardly learned any knowledge, only some experience in garment processing. They have become the cheapest labor products, repeating simple jobs day after day without any promotion.

In addition to this meaningless work, the safety environment of the factory is actually worrying.

In April 2013, a factory in Bangladesh suddenly collapsed. This factory is the outsourcing manufacturer responsible for the processing and production of fast fashion brands such as the United States, Spain and Denmark. A total of 4,000 people were killed or injured in this accident, which is shocking.

After the accident, the children of garment processing workers were crying on the ruins. Most of them lost their two most beloved relatives at once. No one knows how long they can last.

Just two months later, an accident happened at another outsourced garment factory in Cambodia, and hundreds of people were killed in the fire.

Even if they work overtime every day, the living environment is so bad every day, but the salaries of these workers are outrageous.

Let’s make a simple comparison: in the United States, a short skirt of a fast fashion brand is about $8, while the Cambodian worker who is responsible for processing and producing this short skirt may only earn $20 a month. No commission, no bonus, only dry dead wages.

In fact, in Cambodia, the minimum wage per month is around $60.

In the documentary, Cambodian workers held protests again and again, but they were all violently suppressed by the police, and their rights protection repeatedly failed.

After a period of protests, Cambodian workers quickly returned to their posts obediently.

Because they found that if they don’t do it themselves, there are more people who are willing to accept the job with a salary of only $20-countless people are willing to do this job.

Ironically, in 2013, various accidents occurred frequently in the history of clothing, but it was also a year full of fast fashion brands-the net profit of one year reached 3 trillion US dollars.

Until today, the status quo in Cambodia, Bangladesh and other places has not changed. Behind every piece of clothing are workers who bow their heads for life.

Therefore, there is no such thing as a low clothing price. Fast fashion brands can dare to mark the price so low because they are confident that the workers in the foundry must live on this job.

The price behind the seemingly low clothing price has long been marked: workers are on the one hand, and the environment is also on the other.

Because fast fashion brands rely on the word "fast", all kinds of raw materials are continuously transported into processing plants, and some discarded materials are discarded at will.

Among all countries in the world, India is one of the countries that undertake the most garment processing and manufacturing. In order to meet the production needs of some first-line sports brands and fast fashion brands, the Indian government has taken the initiative to plant a large number of genetically modified cotton in its own country.

But this kind of cotton is genetically modified, which means that they have no seeds. Every time they are planted, farmers must re-select seeds and buy pesticides again, otherwise the good land will be abandoned.

As a result, the cost of planting cotton is rising every time, because each kind of cotton needs more fertilizer once.

In the end, the cost of planting even far exceeds the income of harvest. What else can farmers rely on to make a living?

The most famous event is that in the past few years, hundreds of thousands of migrant workers in India committed suicide because of land problems. The murderer behind it, one is the Indian government, and the other is the fast fashion brands in various countries.

However, the harm is far more than that.

As a result of spraying a lot of pesticides, the fields in rural India are full of all kinds of stench, and the drainage ditches are also mixed with all kinds of residual pesticides. Every day, tens of thousands of tons of toxic wastewater flows into the domestic water of the city, killing people.

Some Indians suffer from strange skin diseases because of drinking poisonous river water, and some even have symptoms of hemiplegia. Toxic waste water is harmful to people.

In addition to these manufacturers who are responsible for clothing outsourcing, some countries that buy fast fashion consumer brands on a large scale are also facing various cloth pollution problems.

In the United States, 120 million tons of cloth waste will not be properly treated every year, and it will take at least 200 years for these wastes to degrade naturally.

So, how to deal with this rubbish? Americans choose to discard them in Southeast Asia and reprocess them in developing China countries. In the not-too-distant past, China was once the largest import market for "foreign garbage" in the world.

But for those countries where the industrial system has not been completely built, it is a big problem to deal with garbage.

Garbage transportation, garbage classification, garbage landfill treatment … Every link must have enough money to support and enough technology to guarantee.

Those Southeast Asian countries that blindly accept the garbage produced by European and American countries have gradually realized that "foreign garbage" is a bottomless pit, and all kinds of garbage are continuously transported, but the total amount of global garbage has not decreased at all-the more garbage those countries in Southeast Asia handle, the more garbage produced by European and American countries, and there is no end in sight.

In fact, the definition of fast fashion is not limited to the clothing industry, but the influence of the clothing industry is too great for people to pay attention to. Like coffee industry, IT industry and aquaculture, there are more or less behaviors of squeezing the bottom workers.

In the spring of 2022, Starbucks, an internationally renowned coffee giant, substantially raised the prices of its products. In addition to young people in the city, farmers who grow coffee beans in Yunnan also paid special attention to this news.

According to common sense, the price increase of products is often the price increase of raw materials. But in fact, farmers in Yunnan will not earn a penny more, or even benefit from it.

Yunnan’s coffee production accounts for almost 100% of China’s total coffee production, and spring is the time when coffee plantations are in full swing. Starbucks announced the price increase at this time, but all the farmers still can’t make money.

Starbucks sells a cup of coffee for 40 yuan, and farmers can only earn 20 cents. Some foreign coffee merchants bought coffee beans from Yunnan at a low price, then transported them abroad for deep processing, and finally resold them to China consumers at a high price-realizing the goal of eating them all, and ultimately, not only coffee farmers, but also young people in the city were damaged.

Farmers in Yunnan, like the bottom-level laborers in Southeast Asian countries, seem to be in the trend of rapid growth of fast fashion brands, but in fact they can only be reduced to the bottom part, earning the meager profits and making the hardest efforts.

Jiang Shiying, Li Suicheng. Green supply chain game model and revenue sharing contract considering product greenness [J]. China Management Science, 2015,23(6):169-176.

He Yong, Qian Tingting, Liao Nuo. Decision analysis of emission reduction of green supply chain led by brand under outsourcing situation [J]. Industrial Engineering, 2022,25(1):37-44+143.

He Ju, Zhou Yongsheng, Zhou Linyun. Research on the Optimal Ordering Pricing of Fast Fashion Brand Retailers under the New Retail Background [J]. Industrial Engineering, 2021,24(1):132-139.

Xinhua News Agency. Fast fashion may aggravate global warming [N].2019.

Chengdu Business Daily. Behind the "Buy in buy buy" carnival, "Fast Fashion" made the global "clothing waste" a disaster [N].2021.

1. On November 25th, 1944, War of Resistance against Japan, China entered the stage of strategic counter-offensive, and China troops fought fiercely with Japanese troops in Changde and Hengyang.

2. On November 25th, 1965, China successfully conducted the flight explosion test of the first surface-to-surface missile with a nuclear warhead.

On November 25th, 1978, China and the United States issued the Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the People’s Republic of China and the United States of America, announcing that the two countries formally established diplomatic relations the next day.

4. In 1984, the first carbon monoxide leakage accident that killed three tourists occurred, and many people were missing; Liaoning’s "Marshal’s Hometown", Laoting, Hebei, once again showed a series of related cases and past events that sounded the alarm for female cadres of supply and marketing cooperatives; It also caused a special report by Xinhua News Agency: It is this person who is now engaged in corruption and bribery-the disclosure form of all property of state public officials in May 4th, and we should be alert to this phenomenon!

The following are other important events that happened on November 25th in history:

5. In 1967, China carried out the first mechanized coal mining in Datong Coal Mine, which marked the great progress of coal mining technology in China.

6. In 1977, Queen Elizabeth II visited China, which was the first visit by a member of the British royal family to China since 1949.

7. In 1987, former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher visited China, which was her last visit to China during her term of office.

Academician Zhong Nanshan said in the online open class: Since he was young, he has always insisted on physical exercise, taking physical exercise as a part of his life like eating and sleeping, so that he can undertake his daily work normally, and the growth of his age is only a number.

The picture comes from the National Healthy Lifestyle Action.

Is there really such a big difference between exercising and not exercising?

01

Long-term exercise leads to slow aging.

A mouse study conducted in 2020 found that aerobic exercise improved the muscle repair ability of old mice and improved muscle stem cells. The study published in Nature Metabolism mentioned that the exercised mice did not produce more muscle stem cells, but the "old cells" recovered their vitality. In this way, exercise is the most reliable way of "reverse growth".

02

Exercise can fight against vascular aging

Studies have found that running for six months can make blood vessels 4 years younger. This foreign study has trained people who have no previous running experience for six months and participated in the marathon. After such a process, it was found that six months of exercise significantly reduced their blood pressure and arteriosclerosis, which was equivalent to aging blood vessels.

03

Exercise "brakes" skin aging.

It is said that exercise is the best skin care product. Domestic studies have found that exercise can promote microcirculation and increase the ability of skin to inhale oxygen. At the same time, with the secretion of sweat during exercise, it will help the waste in the skin to be discharged, which can clean the skin and make the skin smoother.

04

Long-term exercise can slow down muscle loss.

In the research progress of muscle attenuation syndrome published in the international journal of gerontology in 2012, it is mentioned that after 30 years old, muscles lose 1% ~ 5% every year; After the age of 60, the muscle strength decreases by 3 ~ 5% every year; After 70 years old, the muscle strength of elderly women will drop by 50%~70%. The loss of 30% muscle will affect normal function, and the loss of 40% will be life-threatening. Muscles decrease with age, but exercise can delay this process.

05

Exercise can slow down heart and lung aging.

Breathless climbing stairs? It’s time to add some exercises to improve heart and lung function. Cardiopulmonary endurance is a person’s ability to continue physical activities. A lot of aerobic exercise can help us exercise cardiopulmonary function and slow down cardiopulmonary aging. The easiest exercise: brisk walking, jogging, cycling and so on.

06

People who exercise will be in a better mood

A study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found that the average person always has a few unhappy days every month, and those who actively exercise have 1.5 fewer depressed days than those who don’t participate in any exercise. It can be seen that exercise is good for people with mild depression and a history of depression, and depressed days are much less.

07

It’s better to keep exercising and sleeping.

For people who often suffer from insomnia, exercise is one of the effective ways to regulate sleep. Insomnia people can play a certain role in regulating the excitement and inhibition of the nervous system if they take physical exercise for a period of time, and establish a good cycle for sleep.

08

People who exercise are less sick.

Most people still stay in exercise to lose weight. In fact, when the weight is controlled, it will promote the regulation of blood pressure and blood lipid, so as to better control diabetes, improve physical condition and reduce the probability of disease.

09

Exercise makes people digest well.

It feels comfortable to take a walk after dinner. This is because exercise shortens the time of intestinal transmission, is conducive to defecation, and also helps to promote digestion and absorption. Sticking to long-term regular exercise is more beneficial to digestion. For example, when walking, our internal organs tremble slightly, and the diaphragm will move up and down during breathing, which will massage the gastrointestinal tract, accelerate gastrointestinal peristalsis and promote digestion and absorption.

10

It is better to insist on exercising bones.

Does exercise harm bone health? Improper exercise will affect bone health, but proper exercise will also stimulate the secretion of cytokines and mobilize bone reconstruction units. Especially in sports, under the proper stress, the bones are deformed, and the "bone reconstruction project" of the body begins to start!

11

Exercise makes people smarter.

Studies have found that even low-intensity exercise can have a significant impact on expanding brain capacity and delaying brain aging. Compared with those who walk less than 5,000 steps a day, it reaches 5,000 ~ 7,499 steps, 7,500 ~ 9,999 steps, 10,000 steps or more, which is equivalent to delaying brain aging for 0.45 years, 1.45 years and 1.75 years respectively.

The text is synthesized from Health Times.

END

Transfer from: Healthy Yunnan Action

Source: Traffic Police Brigade of Wenshan Public Security Bureau

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